Bus 107 Exam 1 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is Organizational Behavior?

The study of individual behavior and group dynamics in organizations.

What do times of challenge and change lead to?

Opportunities

What are the three dynamics in Organizational Behavior?

Psychosocial, Interpersonal, and Behavioral

What is Internal Perspective?

Examining individuals' history and personal values Signup and view all the answers

What are External Perspectives?

Examining surrounding external events and environmental forces. Signup and view all the answers

What are personal values?

Thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Signup and view all the answers

What are environmental forces?

External events and behavioral consequences. Signup and view all the answers

What is Management?

The study of overseeing activities and supervising people in organizations. Signup and view all the answers

What are positive reactions to change?

Having a positive attitude, asking questions, listening to the answers, and being committed to success. Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of an organization?

Task, People, Structure, Technology Signup and view all the answers

What is a task, in reference to components of an organization?

An organization's mission, purpose, or goal for existing. Signup and view all the answers

What are people, in reference to components of an organization?

The human resources of the organization. Signup and view all the answers

What is structure, in reference to components of an organization?

The manner in which an organization's work is designed at the micro level. Signup and view all the answers

What is technology, in reference to components of an organization?

The tools, knowledge, and/or techniques used to transform inputs into outputs. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Formal Organization?

The official, legitimate, and most visible part of the system. Signup and view all the answers

What is an Informal Organization?

The unofficial and less visible part of the system. Signup and view all the answers

What are the elements of a Formal Organization?

Goals and objectives, policies and procedures, job descriptions, financial resources, authority structure, communication channels, products and services. Signup and view all the answers

What are the elements of an Informal Organization?

Covert, beliefs & assumptions, perceptions and attitudes, values, feelings, group norms, informal leaders. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four challenges to managers relating to change in organizations?

Globalization, Workforce Diversity, Ethics and Character, Technological Innovation Signup and view all the answers

What are the trends that are affecting managers?

Trust, security, and predictability. Signup and view all the answers

As a manager, will your day-to-day behavior send signals about your biases and values?

True Signup and view all the answers

What is diversity?

It represents all the ways we are different. Signup and view all the answers

Why value diversity?

Because the workforce will have a huge demographic variation, companies report competitive advantage, and diverse markets require diverse operatives. Signup and view all the answers

Does job performance decline with increasing age?

False Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the challenges of workplace diversity?

The continuous improvement of the integration and social acceptance of people from different backgrounds. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Spectrum of Differences?

How employees approach work, interact, derive satisfaction and define who they are. Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of Traditional Diversity?

Race, Age, Gender, Disability, Pay level, lifestyle. Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of Inclusive Diversity?

Personality, race, gender, lifestyle, pay level, function, competency, income, parent, language, work style, military experience, position, nationality. Signup and view all the answers

What are some dividends of workplace diversity?

Better use of employee talent, increased understanding in the marketplace, increased quality of team problem solving. Signup and view all the answers

What are stereotypes and what do they assume?

Stereotypes are often based on media portrayals and other unreliable sources of information that have negative connotations. Signup and view all the answers

What are some Federal and State Laws regarding Diversity?

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, The Equal Pay Act of 1963, The American with Disabilities Act, The Age Discrimination in Employment Act. Signup and view all the answers

What is a glass ceiling?

An invisible barrier that separates women from top management. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Opt-Out Trend?

Many women are deciding to get off the fast track to top management before hitting the glass ceiling. Signup and view all the answers

What are some Diversity initiatives and programs?

Changing structure and policies, expanding recruitment efforts, establishing mentor relationships, accommodating special needs. Signup and view all the answers

How do organizations manage diversity effectively?

By attracting, selecting, developing, and retaining diverse employees. Signup and view all the answers

What kind of work environment does sexual harassment create?

Unhealthy and unproductive. Signup and view all the answers

Why value Diversity?

Improved organizational performance, reduced turnover, improved retention. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Society for Human Resource Management study?

Diversity initiatives positively affect the bottom line. Signup and view all the answers

What is attitude?

Evaluative statements that reflect how we feel about something. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main components of attitudes?

Cognitive, Affective, Behavioral. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between attitudes and behavior?

The attitudes that people hold determine what they do. Signup and view all the answers

What is job satisfaction?

A positive feeling about the job resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics. Signup and view all the answers

What is job involvement?

Degree of psychological identification with the job. Signup and view all the answers

What is psychological empowerment?

Belief in the degree of influence over one's job, competence, job meaningfulness, and autonomy. Signup and view all the answers

What is organizational commitment?

Identifying with a particular organization and its goals. Signup and view all the answers

What is Perceived Organizational Support?

Degree to which employees believe the organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being. Signup and view all the answers

What is employee engagement?

The degree of involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the job. Signup and view all the answers

What causes job satisfaction?

Correlates with life satisfaction, pay influences, personality. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover?

A pattern of lowered job satisfaction is a predictor of possible intent to leave. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between job satisfaction and workplace deviance?

If employees don't like their work environment, they'll respond somehow. Signup and view all the answers

How can managers raise employee satisfaction?

By evaluating the fit between the employee's work interest and the intrinsic parts of their job. Signup and view all the answers

Will high pay create a satisfying work environment?

False Signup and view all the answers

What are emotions?

Discrete and fairly short-lived feelings with a specific, known cause. Signup and view all the answers

What are moods?

Feeling states that are more enduring than emotions and have no clear cause. Signup and view all the answers

What can lead employees to emotions?

Coping with both positive and negative events at work on a daily basis. Signup and view all the answers

What do positive emotions produce?

Better cognitive functioning, physical and psychological health. Signup and view all the answers

Are people who experience positive emotions more successful and report higher life satisfaction?

True Signup and view all the answers

Moods are generally regarded as either positive or negative.

True Signup and view all the answers

What are six essentially universal emotions?

Anger, Fear, Sadness, Happiness, Disgust, and Surprise. Signup and view all the answers

Decision making is based on thinking and feelings.

True Signup and view all the answers

Do emotions make us ethical?

People behaving ethically partially make decisions based on their emotions. Signup and view all the answers

What is a personality?

Moods and emotions have a trait component. Signup and view all the answers

What is Affect Intensity?

How strongly people experience their emotions. Signup and view all the answers

When are people most commonly happier?

During the midpoint of the daily awake period. Signup and view all the answers

Can weather determine mood/emotions?

False Signup and view all the answers

Can stress determine moods?

True Signup and view all the answers

What can increase moods?

Social activities such as physical, informal, and dining activities. Signup and view all the answers

Poor sleep quality increases a negative affect on moods.

True Signup and view all the answers

Does exercise somewhat improve mood, especially for depressed people?

True Signup and view all the answers

Older people experience fewer negative emotions.

True Signup and view all the answers

Do women tend to be more emotionally expressive than men?

True Signup and view all the answers

What is emotional intelligence?

A person's ability to perceive emotions in the self and others, understand the meaning of these emotions, and regulate one's emotions accordingly. Signup and view all the answers

Is emotional intelligence wholly accepted?

False Signup and view all the answers

What is emotion regulation?

Involves identifying and modifying the emotions you feel. Signup and view all the answers

What are some effective emotion regulation techniques?

Acknowledging emotional responses, re-evaluating events, venting. Signup and view all the answers

When should emotional intelligence be used?

In selection of hiring, decision making, creativity, motivation, leadership, negotiation, and customer service. Signup and view all the answers

What is Emotional Contagion?

'Catching' emotions. Signup and view all the answers

A good day at work tends to be followed by a good mood at home and vice versa.

True Signup and view all the answers

What are deviant workplace behaviors?

Actions that violate norms and threaten the organization. Signup and view all the answers

How can managers influence moods?

By using humor, being in a good mood, selecting positive team members, providing positive feedback. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Organizational Behavior

Study of individual behavior and group dynamics within organizations.
Challenges and change provide opportunities for improvement and innovation.
Key dynamics: Psychosocial, Interpersonal, Behavioral.

Perspectives in Organizational Behavior

Internal Perspective: Focuses on individuals' history and personal values.
External Perspective: Examines environmental forces and external events influencing behavior.

Key Concepts

Personal Values: Include thoughts, feelings, and experiences that shape behavior.
Environmental Forces: External factors impacting organizational behavior and decision-making.

Components of Organizations

Task: The mission or purpose for which the organization exists.
People: Human resources, essential for achieving the organization's goals.
Structure: Design and arrangement of work at various organizational levels.
Technology: Tools and techniques used to produce outputs.

Organization Types

Formal Organization: The official and visible aspects of an organization.
Informal Organization: Unofficial, less visible system, including beliefs and group norms.

Challenges and Trends in Management

Challenges include Globalization, Workforce Diversity, Ethics, and Technological Innovation.
Key trends affecting management: Trust, security, and predictability.

Diversity in the Workplace

Diversity: Represents differences among individuals.
Value in diversity includes competitive advantages and the need to understand diverse markets.
Challenges may include integrating individuals from varied backgrounds.

Psychological and Emotional Aspects

Job Satisfaction: Positive feelings about one's job based on its characteristics.
Job Involvement: Psychological identification with one's job affecting self-worth.
Organizational Commitment: Desire to remain in the organization due to loyalty.
Employee Engagement: Level of enthusiasm and involvement in the job.

Attitudes and Behavior

Attitudes predict behavior: Cognitive (evaluation), Affective (feeling), Behavioral (action).
Job Satisfaction: Influenced by life satisfaction, pay, and personality.
Negative job satisfaction can predict turnover intentions.

Emotions and Moods

Emotions: Short-lived feelings with specific causes; six universal emotions include anger, fear, sadness, happiness, disgust, surprise.
Moods: Longer-lasting emotional states without clear cause; can be positive or negative.
Stress and poor sleep negatively affect mood.

Emotional Intelligence

Ability to perceive, understand, and regulate emotions in oneself and others.
Highly relevant in management contexts like hiring, decision-making, and leadership.

Workplace Dynamics

Positive emotions enhance cognitive functioning and job satisfaction.
Managers can influence workplace moods through praise, humor, and positive feedback.
Deviant workplace behaviors can arise from negative emotions, threatening organizational norms and safety.

Diversity Initiatives

Programs may include policy changes, recruitment diversification, mentor relationships, and training on diversity skills.
Laws such as Title VII of the Civil Rights Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act support diversity efforts.

General Trends

Age does not inherently reduce job performance; older workers may show lower turnover and absenteeism.
Emotional contagion can create similar emotional experiences among coworkers, affecting overall workplace atmosphere.

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Test your knowledge on Organizational Behavior with this set of flashcards. Covering key concepts such as individual and group dynamics, challenges, and the internal perspective, this quiz is designed to help reinforce your understanding. Perfect for students preparing for their Bus 107 exam.