Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following physiological responses differentiates a large or extensive burn from a small burn?
Which of the following physiological responses differentiates a large or extensive burn from a small burn?
- Immediate blistering of the epidermis.
- Localized pain at the injury site.
- Increased blood flow to the affected area.
- Systemic inflammatory response. (correct)
During the initial management of a burn patient, why is it crucial to maintain the patient in NPO (nothing by mouth) status?
During the initial management of a burn patient, why is it crucial to maintain the patient in NPO (nothing by mouth) status?
- To prevent the need for frequent oral hygiene.
- To accurately monitor fluid balance via urine output only.
- To reduce the risk of aspiration if the patient's condition deteriorates. (correct)
- To minimize gastrointestinal activity and conserve energy.
A patient presents with a burn that involves the epidermis with the dermis intact , mild erythema, and pain relieved by cooling. Which type of burn is most consistent with these findings?
A patient presents with a burn that involves the epidermis with the dermis intact , mild erythema, and pain relieved by cooling. Which type of burn is most consistent with these findings?
- Superficial partial-thickness burn.
- Full-thickness burn.
- Deep partial-thickness burn.
- Superficial-thickness burn (correct)
Which characteristic is most indicative of a superficial partial-thickness burn?
Which characteristic is most indicative of a superficial partial-thickness burn?
A deep partial-thickness burn is at higher risk of converting to a full-thickness burn under which of the following conditions?
A deep partial-thickness burn is at higher risk of converting to a full-thickness burn under which of the following conditions?
Why might blister formation be absent in a deep partial-thickness burn?
Why might blister formation be absent in a deep partial-thickness burn?
What is the primary reason for the increased mortality rate associated with burn injuries in young children, especially those under one year of age?
What is the primary reason for the increased mortality rate associated with burn injuries in young children, especially those under one year of age?
Which of the following is the most critical initial nursing intervention for a patient presenting with extensive burns?
Which of the following is the most critical initial nursing intervention for a patient presenting with extensive burns?
In the context of burn injuries, under what circumstances is the administration of oxygen considered a priority nursing action?
In the context of burn injuries, under what circumstances is the administration of oxygen considered a priority nursing action?
For a patient with a superficial partial-thickness burn, why might skin grafting be considered if the healing process is significantly prolonged?
For a patient with a superficial partial-thickness burn, why might skin grafting be considered if the healing process is significantly prolonged?
Flashcards
What causes burn injury?
What causes burn injury?
Cell destruction of skin layers caused by heat, friction, electricity, radiation, or chemicals.
Small burns
Small burns
Response is localized to the injured area; less than 25% of total body surface area
Large or extensive burns
Large or extensive burns
Major burn is 25% or more of total body surface area (adult) or 10% or more in a child; response affects all major systems
Superficial thickness burn
Superficial thickness burn
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Superficial partial thickness burn
Superficial partial thickness burn
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Deep partial thickness burn
Deep partial thickness burn
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Mortality and Age
Mortality and Age
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Mortality and Preexisting Conditions
Mortality and Preexisting Conditions
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Study Notes
- Cell destruction of the layers of the skin is caused by heat, friction, electricity, radiation, or chemicals in burn injuries
Small Burns
- The response of the body to injury is localized to the injured area
Large or Extensive Burns
- Major or extensive burns consist of 25% or more of the total body surface area for an adult and 10% or more of the total body surface area for a child
- The response of the body to the injury is systemic
- The burn affects all the major systems of the body
Priority Nursing Actions
- Assess for airway patency
- Administer oxygen as prescribed
- Obtain vital signs
- Assist to initiate an IV line and begin fluid replacement as prescribed
- Elevate the extremities if no fractures are obvious
- Keep the client warm and maintain an NPO (nothing by mouth) status
Superficial-Thickness Burn
- Involves injury to the epidermis, the blood supply to the dermis is still intact
- Mild to severe erythema (pink to red) is present, but no blisters
- The skin blanches with pressure
- The burn is painful, with a tingling sensation
- Pain is eased by cooling
- Discomfort lasts about 48 hours
- Healing occurs in approximately 3 to 6 days
- No scarring occurs, and skin grafts are not required
Superficial Partial-Thickness Burn
- Involves injury deeper into the dermis; the blood supply is reduced
- Large blisters may cover an extensive area
- Edema is present
- Mottled pink to red base and a broken epidermis, with a wet, shiny, and weeping surface is characteristic
- The burn is painful and sensitive to cold air
- Heals in 10 to 21 days with no scarring, but some minor pigment changes may occur
- Grafts may be used if the healing process is prolonged
Deep Partial-Thickness Burn
- Extends deeper into the skin dermis
- Blister formation usually does not occur because the dead tissue layer is thick and sticks to underlying viable dermis
- Wound surface is red and dry with white areas in deeper parts
- Can convert to a full-thickness burn when tissue damage increases with infection, hypoxia, or ischemia
- Generally, heals in 3 to 6 weeks, but scar formation results
- Skin grafting may be necessary
Mortality Rate
- Mortality rate is higher for children ≤ 4 years old, particularly for children from birth to 1 year of age, and for clients > 65 years old
- Mortality rate is higher when the client has a preexisting disorder at the time of the burn injury
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