17 Burns

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Which type of burn is characterized by down to bone, adjacent adipose or muscle tissue?

1st-degree burn

3rd-degree burn

4th-degree burn (correct)

Superficial 2nd-degree burn

What type of burn involves blebs and blisters and is painful to touch?

1st-degree burn

Superficial 2nd-degree burn (correct)

Deep 2nd-degree burn

3rd-degree burn

What is the primary method of healing for 1st- and superficial 2nd-degree burns?

Adipose tissue regeneration

Dermal reconstruction

Myofibrillar reorganization

Epidermal regeneration (correct)

What condition can extremely deep burns, electrical burns, or compartment syndrome cause?

Rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria Signup and view all the answers

In which age group are 2nd- and 3rd-degree burns > 10% BSA considered admission criteria?

< 10 years Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of burn injury?

Scald burn Signup and view all the answers

What formula is used for burns ≥ 20% BSA (≥ 2nd degree) to calculate fluid resuscitation?

Parkland formula Signup and view all the answers

Which body part is estimated to be equal to 1% of the total body surface area (BSA) when using the rule of nines?

'Patient's palm' Signup and view all the answers

'How much fluid should be given per % burn in the first 24 hours' is an aspect of which formula?

'Parkland formula' Signup and view all the answers

'Give 4 cc/kg × % burn in first 24 hours' applies to which type of solution in burn management?

'Lactated Ringer’s solution (LR)' Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is the most common cause of burn wound infection?

Pseudomonas Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard topical agent used for burns?

Silvadene (silver sulfadiazine) Signup and view all the answers

What can be a complication after burns related to contraction of burned adnexa?

Ectopia Signup and view all the answers

Which form of Erythema Multiforme is the most severe?

Toxic epidermal necrolysis Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided in the presence of hyperkalemia in patients with severe burns?

Succinylcholine Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for frostbite?

Rapid re-warming in 40°C circulating water Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended to detect burn wound infection and differentiate it from colonization?

Biopsy of burn wound Signup and view all the answers

What is highly malignant and arises in chronic nonhealing burn wounds or unstable scars?

Marjolin’s ulcer Signup and view all the answers

What can cause methemoglobinemia and is contraindicated in patients with G6PD deficiency?

Silver nitrate Signup and view all the answers

Which topical agent used for burns has limited eschar penetration and can inhibit epithelialization?

Silvadene (silver sulfadiazine) Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way to manage hypertrophic scar that occurs after thermal injuries?

Steroid injection into lesion (best) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common viral infection in burn wounds?

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of burn injury produces deeper burns due to liquefaction necrosis?

Alkali burns Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of death after > 30% BSA burns?

Pneumonia Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal source of nonprotein calories in patients with burns?

Glucose Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of lung and airway injury in burn patients?

Inhalation of carbonaceous materials and smoke Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common infection in patients with > 30% BSA burns?

Pneumonia Signup and view all the answers

What is the caloric need for patients with burns?

$25 kg/kg/day + (30 kcal × % burn)$ Signup and view all the answers

Which type of skin graft is more likely to survive due to its thickness?

FTSGs Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for skin graft loss?

Infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for delaying autografting?

Not enough skin donor sites Signup and view all the answers

What should be applied to skin grafts to prevent seroma and hematoma buildup underneath the graft?

Dermal substitutes Signup and view all the answers