Bunyaviruses and Ambisense RNA Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which symptom is NOT typically associated with the disease described?

  • Abdominal cramping
  • Diarrhea
  • High fever (correct)
  • Vomiting
  • What is the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in young children?

  • Influenza virus
  • Rotavirus (correct)
  • Adenovirus
  • Norovirus
  • How is the diagnosis of the disease usually made?

  • PCR-based test on stool (correct)
  • Urinalysis
  • Blood test for antibodies
  • Chest X-ray
  • What is the important property of reoviruses, including rotavirus, mentioned in the text?

    <p>Double-stranded RNA genome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which patients can a prolonged infection occur?

    <p>Immunocompromised patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for dehydration caused by vomiting and diarrhea?

    <p>Intravenous fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the genome of some bunyaviruses?

    <p>Ambisense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus in the bunyavirus family is named after a place in Africa where it was isolated?

    <p>Bunyamwera virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of RNA genome does Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) possess?

    <p>Single-stranded, negative-polarity RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) a defective virus?

    <p>It cannot replicate without hepatitis B virus present in the same cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main symptom caused by viruses belonging to the bunyavirus family?

    <p>Encephalitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mode of prevention for influenza?

    <p>Administering the annual vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drugs are strains of H5N1 avian influenza sensitive to?

    <p>Oseltamivir and zanamivir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Relenza and Tamiflu differ in their administration?

    <p>Relenza is inhaled while Tamiflu is taken orally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How soon must antiviral drugs be administered to be effective as treatment?

    <p>Within 48 hours of symptom onset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about strains of influenza virus resistant to zanamivir and oseltamivir?

    <p>They are rare or uncommon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe viruses that infect cells without causing significant cell damage or death?

    <p>Abortive productive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the annual influenza vaccine?

    <p>Two A strains and one B strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of host defense mechanisms includes interferon and natural killer cells?

    <p>Nonspecific immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do retroviruses generally exit the host cell after replication?

    <p>By budding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of viruses that cause transformation in cells?

    <p>Transformed cells have properties similar to tumor cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of virus infection is characterized by a block in one stage of replication due to the absence of essential cellular functions?

    <p>Abortive non-productive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what manner do some viruses remain in a host as latent infections?

    <p>Only in the form of their genome with limited gene expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is thought to be the primary cause of watery diarrhea in rotavirus infection?

    <p>Stimulation of the enteric nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does immunity against rotavirus infection likely work?

    <p>Intestinal IgA directed against specific serotypes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What protects newborns up to the age of 6 months from rotavirus infection?

    <p>Colostrum IgA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic clinical finding of rotavirus infection in young children?

    <p>Nausea, vomiting, and watery, nonbloody diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which laboratory method can be used to detect rotavirus in the stool?

    <p>Radioimmunoassay or ELISA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of the live rotavirus vaccine (RotaTeq) approved by the FDA in 2006?

    <p>Outer surface protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

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