Building Construction Chapters 8-10 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of installing a temporary horizontal wood brace during column construction?

To provide aesthetic support for the forms

To facilitate easier removal of the column forms

To secure the reinforcement bars in place (correct)

To enhance the insulation of the column

Which step is NOT required before closing the column forms?

Ensure all accessories are installed

Check the installation of downspouts and conduits

Verify the vertical position of reinforcement

Install a decorative finish on the forms (correct)

How does the simultaneous concreting of columns and walls optimize the construction process?

By eliminating the need for reinforcing bars

By reducing the amount of construction labor needed

By allowing continuous horizontal bars across column reinforcement (correct)

By requiring more elaborate formwork sets

What is a key characteristic of a spiral column?

It features a circular concrete core enclosed by spirals (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action if different concrete mixes are used for columns and walls during construction?

Always pour the column first to ensure strength (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential issue to avoid during the installation of column forms?

Using insufficient bracing to secure the forms (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using galvanized wire or machine bolts for bracing column forms?

They ensure secure support before concrete pouring (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of beam is supported on one end with the other end projecting beyond the support?

Cantilever Beam (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a Simple Beam?

Supported at its ends without a restraint at the supports (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a girder in a structure?

To act as a primary beam supporting smaller beams (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best defines stress in materials?

An internal action set up between adjacent molecules when acted upon by forces (B) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a T-Beam in construction?

It is formed when floor slabs and beams are poured simultaneously (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does the design influence building materials in a structure?

It determines size, quantity, quality, spacing, proportions, and mixture of materials (C) Signup and view all the answers

What effect do external forces have on a structure?

They can cause adjacent sections to experience shear (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of beams, what is meant by a Continuous Beam?

A beam that rests on more than two supports (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of stress results from a structure being pulled apart?

Tensile Stress (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of load is a dead load characterized as?

Fixed and stable (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following loads is considered an environmental load?

Wind pressure (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a gravitational force on a homogeneous concrete beam?

It causes the beam to sag or bend downward. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In terms of bending moments, what occurs when a beam bends downward?

Positive bending is created. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of load is related to the occupancy of a structure?

Live Load (C) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes shear stress from other types of stress?

It acts parallel to the cross-section of the material. (A) Signup and view all the answers

When describing concentrated loads, which statement is accurate?

They can be fixed or variable in position. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which method of connecting structural steels involves the use of a heated fastener?

Rivets (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended diameter for punching a hole for a 19 mm rivet?

22 mm (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the rivet shank during the installation process?

It is deformed to form the head. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common failure mode for rivets due to force applied across the joint?

Tension (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method of connecting structural steels?

Nails (A) Signup and view all the answers

When installing rivets, what should be ensured about the holes in the connected plates?

They must be slightly larger than the rivet diameter. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of tools are primarily used to install rivets?

Power riveters (A) Signup and view all the answers

What factor influences the size of rivets chosen for a project?

Thickness of materials to be connected (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of an Open Web Steel Joist?

To create a lightweight structure for supporting floors and panels. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of truss is classified as the most economical for covering a wide span?

Roof trusses (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are purlins primarily used for in a roofing structure?

To transfer roof loads to the truss at panel points. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of welded joint?

Corner Joint (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following welding techniques is most preferred in structural steel connections?

Arc welding (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'penetration' refer to in welding?

The depth where fusion ceases from the original surface. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What diameter do sag rods usually have in a typical roofing structure?

16 mm or 19 mm (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of trusses is NOT typically used in construction?

Cable Truss (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of placing additional straight reinforcing bars on the top of a beam?

To enhance resistance against bending moments near supports (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended minimum clear distance between main reinforcing bars?

2.5 cm (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of using lap splices on bars larger than No. 11 or 35 mm in diameter?

They could lead to structural failure (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is staggering splices necessary in high-stress areas?

To promote even load distribution (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of using bent bars in beam design?

Bent bars require more skilled labor for installation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred number of bars to use for main reinforcement when bent-up bars are needed?

An even number of bars for balance (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum distance that protective covering for steel bars must extend from the face of the beam?

4 cm (B) Signup and view all the answers

How should bundled bars be spliced according to the guidelines?

Individually with non-overlapping lap lengths (B) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Building Construction (Chapters 8, 9, and 10)

The presentation covers building construction, specifically focusing on Chapters 8, 9, and 10.
The presenters are Adriosula, Anico, Artates, Girona, Isada, and Papa.
The presenter's guide is by Max Fajardo.

Chapter 8: Post and Columns

Definitions:
- Post: A vertical timber or metal support not continuous from story to story. Its shape can be cylindrical, square, or other geometric forms.
- Column: A vertical structure, made of stone, concrete, steel, or a combination of these, to bear loads.
- Storey: A space between floor levels or a floor and roof.
Wooden Post:
- Made traditionally from high-quality lumber from the first or second group for strength and durability.
- Treated lumber is used when hardwood is lacking.
- Potentially needs bracing and support during construction to avoid damage to the foundation.
- Drawbacks in commercial lumber include inferior quality from younger trees, hardwood scarcity making durable materials difficult to find, susceptibility to decay from moisture, insects, worms, and termites, as well as cracks between wooden posts and concrete walls.
- Erecting wooden posts demands precision and appropriate techniques to ensure stability and durability. The steps include dressing and cutting the bottom, marking for vertical alignment, marking girder and girt attachment points, erecting the post with braces or rope and pulley, checking vertical alignment using a plumb bob, nailing to a post strap, and bolting the post into its permanent position.
Reinforced Concrete Columns:
- The most common material for columns today, regardless of size or height.
- Materials include concrete, steel reinforcement (rebar), binding wire, formwork, and admixtures.
- Classified as short or long columns based on the ratio of unsupported height to the shortest lateral dimension of the cross-section.

Chapter 9: Platform-Floor Structure

Wood Floor System:
- The floor framing, or platform, part of a building that's supported by posts, columns, and beams, has advanced due to improvements in machinery and sawing techniques, which introduced structural lumber in various standard sizes allowing for assembly on site.
- Design considerations include live loads (movable – people, furniture), dead load (static load of materials carrying the live load), construction material choice (e.g., lumber, concrete, steel), and the sizing and spacing of structural members, as well as spans between supporting walls.
- Common types of wood floor framing include plank and beam, panelized, and conventional.

Chapter 10: Steel Framing

Introduction:
- The method of steel framing's usage in construction dates back to the Greek and Egyptian civilizations.
- Modern prefab approaches include pre-cut steel posts, beams and foundations using polyvinyl fluoride film for sheathing and siding, and vinyl-finished interior wall boards and complete factory-assembled flooring. Reinforced plastic showers and roofs are also components of these prefabricated materials
Structural Shapes:
- Common structural steel shapes include square, round, plate, and angle bars, channels, I-beams, tee, H-column, wide flange, and zee.
Structural Steel Grades:
- ASTM A7 is no longer a standard structural steel type, though structural steel ASTM A36 is more common
- Newer steel grades, such as ASTM A36, A373, A440, A441, and A242 (high-strength structural grades) are available. ASTM A36 is stronger than A7 but easier to weld.
Fasteners (rivets and bolts):
- Rivets and bolts are used for connecting structural steel; classifications of the most common types include ASTM A141, ASTM A195, and ASTM A406.
- Methods for installation include drilling, heating rivets for insertion and using tools to shape the rivets for a secure connection.
Connections of Structural Members:
- Column base plates: Spreading column load to foundation, proper plate sizing for load distribution, using plates for column attachment.
- Column splices: Joining columns using riveted or welded splice plates for load transfer and alignment.
- Beam bearing plates: Providing support for uniformly distributed beam loads using plates that are usually not riveted or welded to the beam flange.
- Beam connections to columns: Varying connection methods to columns using different angles. Seat connections are common with stiffeners for larger beams and clip plate angles for beam connections to columns with smaller reactions.
- Plate girders: Alternative to rolled steel section for greater span requirements, plate girders are built up from steel plates and angles connected using rivets or welding in I-shaped or box designs
- Web plates and intermediate stiffeners: Requirements for web plate thickness, intermediate stiffener spacing in plate girder designs for preventing buckling, and other design considerations.
- Roof trusses: A basic framework design suitable for wide-span support. Different truss types exist, each with its own unique configuration.
- Purlins: Beams on rafters supporting the load of the roof to the truss at panel points.

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Description

Test your knowledge on building construction by exploring key concepts from Chapters 8, 9, and 10. This quiz covers important definitions and characteristics of posts, columns, and other structural elements. Enhance your understanding of the materials and their applications in construction.