Ch 22 pg 543-548

The toll from collapses is likely to continue, if not increase, due to changes in the methods of construction that place a greater value on _____ materials and lower ____ than on lives of FFs and occupants when those materials are exposed to fire

Buildings that have the greatest resistance to collapse are those of class 1 ____ construction. These buildings have fire resistance ratings of up to _ hours

The floor support beams of the one meridian plaza in Philadelphia had only _ hour rates sprayed on fireproofing and still they endured nearly __ hours of fire exposure

As discussed in ch 18 the most severe collapse danger in class 1 buildings occurs poured in place concrete buildings under construction when fire involves the ____ ____ of the most recently poured floor

The second best construction type as far as resistance to collapse is concerned is ____ ____ construction class _

Pg 545 says that they are generally quite stable due to the size of their load bearing members, which are generally x wooden columns and ___ walls. Pg 26 ch 2 says x

An increasingly common exception to being run out before collapse of class 4 is if it has had numerous repeated fires in the same area, usually in old _____ buildings that have been abandoned by their former owners

Collapses in class 4 buildings are often large scale ones, with both ___ and ___ being affected. At advanced fires in these structures apparatus should be removed from the ___ ____

The third most collapse resistant building is that of class _ ordinary construction, or the standard brick and wood joist. These buildings are generally more prone to ___ ___ than collapse

A distinct danger in class 3 is the imposition of unusually high ___ ___, such as may be found in a ____ supply warehouse and any concentrated loads, such as from roof mounted ___ ____ and ____

As with heavy timber buildings, imposition of ____ loads on walls from collapses of floors or roofs can cause ___ to fail

The fourth category in resistance to collapse is class _ (___ frame buildings)

The standard wood frame home, built with ____ lumber is more likely to ___ through, chasing personnel out before it collapses. This only applies to standard construction methods and not those using lightweight ____ construction

This leaves class _ construction (___ or __ ____) as the least resistant to collapse when exposed to fire. This is mainly due to large quantities of unprotected steel used in its construction

A __ ft long I beam heated _____ to 1,000 degrees will expand __ in lengthwise

When steel is further heated to about ____ degrees it will lose about ___ its strength

Those with protected steel or concrete supporting systems resist collapse rather well. These are called ____ structures, since most of their weight is carried on the ___ or ____. Collapses are usually very _____ only the area between supporting members

Structures that are built so that most of the weight rest on ____ ___ are known as _____ structures.

In all types of structures the failure of a ____ member such as a ___ or a ___ is usually more serious than that of a ____ member such as a beam since the column is more likely to support other members

Which list the structural components in the correct hierarchy?

The ___ itself or the ____ may at times be the only indication that a collapse is likely.

Lightweight Construction Risks

Class 1 Construction

Concrete Building Collapse Danger

Heavy Timber Construction (Class 4)

Heavy Timber Dimensions

Class 4 Collapse Risk

Class 4 Collapse Zone

Class 3 Construction

Class 3 Load Risks

Heavy Timber Wall Failure

Class 5 Resistance

Wood Frame Burn-Through

Class 2 Construction

I-Beam Expansion

Steel Strength Loss

Framed Structures

Localized Collapses

Unframed Structures

Vertical vs Horizontal Failure

Structural Hierarchy

Collapse Indicators