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Questions and Answers
What is a buffer solution?
What is a buffer solution?
- A solution that cannot resist changes in pH
- A solution that has a variable pH depending on the temperature
- A solution that maintains a constant pH even on dilution or addition of acid/base (correct)
- A solution that undergoes significant pH changes upon dilution
How does a buffer solution resist pH change?
How does a buffer solution resist pH change?
- By shifting the equilibrium to the left when strong acid is added (correct)
- By decreasing the hydrogen ion concentration when strong acid is added
- By shifting the equilibrium to the right when strong alkali is added
- By increasing the hydrogen ion concentration when strong acid is added
Which chemical equilibrium is responsible for the resistance to pH change in a buffer solution?
Which chemical equilibrium is responsible for the resistance to pH change in a buffer solution?
- Equilibrium between a strong acid and its conjugate base
- Equilibrium between a weak base and its conjugate acid
- Equilibrium between a weak acid and its conjugate base (correct)
- Equilibrium between a strong base and its conjugate acid
In the buffer solution, what happens when strong alkali is added to the mixture?
In the buffer solution, what happens when strong alkali is added to the mixture?
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What living system uses the bicarbonate buffering system for pH regulation?
What living system uses the bicarbonate buffering system for pH regulation?
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Study Notes
Buffer Solution
- A buffer solution is a mixture that resists changes in pH when an acid or base is added to it.
- It consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid.
pH Change Resistance
- A buffer solution resists pH change because it can absorb excess hydrogen ions (H+) or hydroxide ions (OH-).
- This is possible due to the equilibrium between the weak acid and its conjugate base, or the weak base and its conjugate acid.
Chemical Equilibrium
- The equilibrium responsible for the resistance to pH change in a buffer solution is the equilibrium between the weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A-): HA + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + A-
Strong Alkali Addition
- When strong alkali is added to a buffer solution, the hydroxide ions (OH-) react with the hydrogen ions (H+) to form water, reducing the pH change.
Bicarbonate Buffering System
- The bicarbonate buffering system is used for pH regulation in the human blood and other living systems.
- It consists of carbonic acid (H2CO3) and its conjugate base, bicarbonate (HCO3-), which helps maintain a stable pH.
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