Buffer Solutions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a buffer solution?

  • A solution that cannot resist changes in pH
  • A solution that has a variable pH depending on the temperature
  • A solution that maintains a constant pH even on dilution or addition of acid/base (correct)
  • A solution that undergoes significant pH changes upon dilution

How does a buffer solution resist pH change?

  • By shifting the equilibrium to the left when strong acid is added (correct)
  • By decreasing the hydrogen ion concentration when strong acid is added
  • By shifting the equilibrium to the right when strong alkali is added
  • By increasing the hydrogen ion concentration when strong acid is added

Which chemical equilibrium is responsible for the resistance to pH change in a buffer solution?

  • Equilibrium between a strong acid and its conjugate base
  • Equilibrium between a weak base and its conjugate acid
  • Equilibrium between a weak acid and its conjugate base (correct)
  • Equilibrium between a strong base and its conjugate acid

In the buffer solution, what happens when strong alkali is added to the mixture?

<p>The hydrogen ion concentration decreases by less than expected (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What living system uses the bicarbonate buffering system for pH regulation?

<p>Animals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is a buffer solution?

Solution that maintains a stable pH upon dilution or with the addition of acids/bases.

How do buffers resist pH change?

It neutralizes added acid by shifting the equilibrium towards the reactants, consuming the added H+.

Key equilibrium in buffer solutions?

The dynamic balance between a weak acid and its conjugate base determines and maintains the solution's pH.

Effect of adding strong alkali to a buffer?

The buffer system counteracts the increase in hydroxide ions, preventing a drastic rise in pH beyond the expected change.

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Which living system uses bicarbonate buffer?

Animals maintain blood pH using the bicarbonate buffering system to ensure proper bodily function.

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Study Notes

Buffer Solution

  • A buffer solution is a mixture that resists changes in pH when an acid or base is added to it.
  • It consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid.

pH Change Resistance

  • A buffer solution resists pH change because it can absorb excess hydrogen ions (H+) or hydroxide ions (OH-).
  • This is possible due to the equilibrium between the weak acid and its conjugate base, or the weak base and its conjugate acid.

Chemical Equilibrium

  • The equilibrium responsible for the resistance to pH change in a buffer solution is the equilibrium between the weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A-): HA + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + A-

Strong Alkali Addition

  • When strong alkali is added to a buffer solution, the hydroxide ions (OH-) react with the hydrogen ions (H+) to form water, reducing the pH change.

Bicarbonate Buffering System

  • The bicarbonate buffering system is used for pH regulation in the human blood and other living systems.
  • It consists of carbonic acid (H2CO3) and its conjugate base, bicarbonate (HCO3-), which helps maintain a stable pH.

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