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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the supraspinatus muscle?
What is the primary function of the supraspinatus muscle?
- Abduction (correct)
- Medial rotation
- Extension
- Lateral rotation
Which muscle is NOT part of the rotator cuff?
Which muscle is NOT part of the rotator cuff?
- Teres major (correct)
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres minor
Which muscle primarily enables lateral rotation of the arm?
Which muscle primarily enables lateral rotation of the arm?
- Deltoid
- Infraspinatus (correct)
- Biceps brachii
- Teres major
What is the origin point for flexor muscles of the forearm?
What is the origin point for flexor muscles of the forearm?
Which muscle is primarily responsible for extension of the elbow?
Which muscle is primarily responsible for extension of the elbow?
Which muscle is responsible for both lateral rotation and adduction of the arm?
Which muscle is responsible for both lateral rotation and adduction of the arm?
Which forearm muscle does NOT originate from the lateral epicondyle?
Which forearm muscle does NOT originate from the lateral epicondyle?
Which of the following muscles is responsible for medial rotation of the arm?
Which of the following muscles is responsible for medial rotation of the arm?
What type of movement does the flexor carpi radialis assist with?
What type of movement does the flexor carpi radialis assist with?
Which muscle is responsible for shoulder adduction and medial rotation?
Which muscle is responsible for shoulder adduction and medial rotation?
Which muscle is classified as part of the hip muscles from a posterior view?
Which muscle is classified as part of the hip muscles from a posterior view?
Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the quadriceps group?
Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the quadriceps group?
What is the role of hip muscles?
What is the role of hip muscles?
Which of the following muscles is categorized as a hamstring?
Which of the following muscles is categorized as a hamstring?
Which muscle acts as a hip flexor?
Which muscle acts as a hip flexor?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the posterior view hip muscles?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the posterior view hip muscles?
Which muscle is located in the medial view of the thigh?
Which muscle is located in the medial view of the thigh?
What is the primary function of the gluteus medius muscle?
What is the primary function of the gluteus medius muscle?
Which of the following muscles is classified under 'hip muscles' but is primarily a hip abductor?
Which of the following muscles is classified under 'hip muscles' but is primarily a hip abductor?
Which of the following muscles is responsible for knee extension?
Which of the following muscles is responsible for knee extension?
Which muscle is primarily responsible for shoulder abduction?
Which muscle is primarily responsible for shoulder abduction?
What is the primary action of the teres major muscle?
What is the primary action of the teres major muscle?
Which of the following muscles originates at the medial epicondyle of the humerus?
Which of the following muscles originates at the medial epicondyle of the humerus?
Which muscle is NOT a part of the rotator cuff?
Which muscle is NOT a part of the rotator cuff?
Which forearm muscle is responsible for wrist flexion?
Which forearm muscle is responsible for wrist flexion?
Which muscle is primarily responsible for lateral rotation of the arm?
Which muscle is primarily responsible for lateral rotation of the arm?
Which muscle is located in the forearm's anterior compartment?
Which muscle is located in the forearm's anterior compartment?
Which of the following is true regarding the flexors of the forearm?
Which of the following is true regarding the flexors of the forearm?
Which muscle primarily assists in elbow flexion?
Which muscle primarily assists in elbow flexion?
Which muscle is responsible for medial rotation of the arm?
Which muscle is responsible for medial rotation of the arm?
Which muscle is located in the posterior view of the hip?
Which muscle is located in the posterior view of the hip?
Which of the following muscles is classified as part of the quadriceps group?
Which of the following muscles is classified as part of the quadriceps group?
Which muscle is specifically a hip flexor?
Which muscle is specifically a hip flexor?
Which thigh muscle is commonly known for its role in hip abduction?
Which thigh muscle is commonly known for its role in hip abduction?
Which muscle provides stability to the hip joint?
Which muscle provides stability to the hip joint?
Which muscle is NOT a part of the hamstring group?
Which muscle is NOT a part of the hamstring group?
Which muscle acts in knee extension?
Which muscle acts in knee extension?
Which of the following represents a muscle located in the medial view of the thigh?
Which of the following represents a muscle located in the medial view of the thigh?
Which of the following muscles is NOT found in the anterior view of the hip?
Which of the following muscles is NOT found in the anterior view of the hip?
Which muscle serves as a primary extensor for the fingers?
Which muscle serves as a primary extensor for the fingers?
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Study Notes
Shoulder Muscles
- Stabilize the shoulder joint, with all muscles originating in the scapula and inserting in the humerus.
- Tendons of all muscles except for teres major constitute the rotator cuff.
- Posterior view muscles:
- Supraspinatus: responsible for arm abduction.
- Infraspinatus: enables lateral rotation of the arm.
- Teres minor: assists in lateral rotation and adduction of the arm.
- Teres major: responsible for medial rotation, adduction, and extension.
- Anterior view muscle:
- Subscapularis: facilitates medial rotation.
Arm Muscles
- Key arm muscles:
- Deltoid: primary muscle for shoulder abduction.
- Biceps brachii: involved in elbow flexion and supination.
- Brachialis: assists in elbow flexion.
- Triceps brachii: responsible for elbow extension.
- Brachioradialis: aids in elbow flexion and stabilization.
Forearm Muscles
Anterior Muscles
- Flexors primarily originate at the medial epicondyle.
- Key muscles include:
- Brachioradialis: flexes the forearm.
- Pronator teres: pronates the forearm.
- Flexor carpi radialis: flexes and abducts the wrist.
- Palmaris longus: tenses the palmar fascia.
- Flexor carpi ulnaris: flexes and adducts the wrist.
Posterior Muscles
- Extensors originate at the lateral epicondyle.
- Key muscles include:
- Brachioradialis: functions in forearm flexion.
- Extensor carpi radialis longus: extends and abducts the wrist.
- Extensor carpi radialis brevis: extends the wrist.
- Extensor digitorium: extends the fingers.
- Extensor carpi ulnaris: extends and adducts the wrist.
- Pollicis group: includes muscles like abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, and extensor pollicis longus, responsible for thumb movement.
Hip Muscles
- Provide stability to the hip joint, which is a ball-and-socket type.
- Posterior view muscles:
- Gluteus maximus: major extensor and lateral rotator of the hip.
- Gluteus medius: aids in abduction and medial rotation.
- Gluteus minimus: assists in abduction and medial rotation.
- Piriformis: contributes to lateral rotation of the hip.
- Superior gemellus, obturator internus, inferior gemellus: stabilize and laterally rotate the hip.
- Anterior view muscles:
- Iliopsoas: main hip flexor comprised of psoas major and iliacus.
Thigh Muscles
Anterior Muscles
- Quadriceps group consists of:
- Rectus femoris: extends the leg at the knee and flexes the hip.
- Vastus intermedius, lateralis, medialis: primarily extend the knee.
- Sartorius: aids in flexing, abducting, and laterally rotating the hip.
Lateral Muscle
- Tensor fascia latae: assists in hip flexion, abduction, and stabilization.
Medial Muscles
- Pectineus: flexes and adducts the thigh.
- Adductor longus: primarily adducts the thigh.
- Gracilis: flexes and adducts the thigh.
Posterior Muscles (Hamstring)
- Biceps femoris: extends the hip and flexes the knee.
- Semitendinosus: extends the hip and flexes the knee.
- Semimembranosus: functions similarly to the biceps femoris and semitendinosus in hip and knee movement.
Shoulder Muscles
- Stabilize the shoulder joint, with all muscles originating in the scapula and inserting in the humerus.
- Tendons of all muscles except for teres major constitute the rotator cuff.
- Posterior view muscles:
- Supraspinatus: responsible for arm abduction.
- Infraspinatus: enables lateral rotation of the arm.
- Teres minor: assists in lateral rotation and adduction of the arm.
- Teres major: responsible for medial rotation, adduction, and extension.
- Anterior view muscle:
- Subscapularis: facilitates medial rotation.
Arm Muscles
- Key arm muscles:
- Deltoid: primary muscle for shoulder abduction.
- Biceps brachii: involved in elbow flexion and supination.
- Brachialis: assists in elbow flexion.
- Triceps brachii: responsible for elbow extension.
- Brachioradialis: aids in elbow flexion and stabilization.
Forearm Muscles
Anterior Muscles
- Flexors primarily originate at the medial epicondyle.
- Key muscles include:
- Brachioradialis: flexes the forearm.
- Pronator teres: pronates the forearm.
- Flexor carpi radialis: flexes and abducts the wrist.
- Palmaris longus: tenses the palmar fascia.
- Flexor carpi ulnaris: flexes and adducts the wrist.
Posterior Muscles
- Extensors originate at the lateral epicondyle.
- Key muscles include:
- Brachioradialis: functions in forearm flexion.
- Extensor carpi radialis longus: extends and abducts the wrist.
- Extensor carpi radialis brevis: extends the wrist.
- Extensor digitorium: extends the fingers.
- Extensor carpi ulnaris: extends and adducts the wrist.
- Pollicis group: includes muscles like abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, and extensor pollicis longus, responsible for thumb movement.
Hip Muscles
- Provide stability to the hip joint, which is a ball-and-socket type.
- Posterior view muscles:
- Gluteus maximus: major extensor and lateral rotator of the hip.
- Gluteus medius: aids in abduction and medial rotation.
- Gluteus minimus: assists in abduction and medial rotation.
- Piriformis: contributes to lateral rotation of the hip.
- Superior gemellus, obturator internus, inferior gemellus: stabilize and laterally rotate the hip.
- Anterior view muscles:
- Iliopsoas: main hip flexor comprised of psoas major and iliacus.
Thigh Muscles
Anterior Muscles
- Quadriceps group consists of:
- Rectus femoris: extends the leg at the knee and flexes the hip.
- Vastus intermedius, lateralis, medialis: primarily extend the knee.
- Sartorius: aids in flexing, abducting, and laterally rotating the hip.
Lateral Muscle
- Tensor fascia latae: assists in hip flexion, abduction, and stabilization.
Medial Muscles
- Pectineus: flexes and adducts the thigh.
- Adductor longus: primarily adducts the thigh.
- Gracilis: flexes and adducts the thigh.
Posterior Muscles (Hamstring)
- Biceps femoris: extends the hip and flexes the knee.
- Semitendinosus: extends the hip and flexes the knee.
- Semimembranosus: functions similarly to the biceps femoris and semitendinosus in hip and knee movement.
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