BSC 1010C Chapter 10 Flashcards
18 Questions
100 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What compound provides the reducing power for Calvin cycle reactions?

  • ATP
  • NADPH (correct)
  • NADH
  • NADP+

    • Which process is most directly driven by light energy?

  • Reduction of NADP+ molecules
  • Carbon fixation in the stroma
  • Removal of electrons from chlorophyll molecules (correct)
  • Creation of a pH gradient by pumping protons across the thylakoid membrane
  • ATP synthesis

    • Select the most accurate statement describing the basic function of the light reactions of photosynthesis.

  • The basic function of the light reactions of photosynthesis is the production of glucose.
  • The basic function of the light reactions of photosynthesis is the conversion of solar energy to chemical energy. (correct)
  • The basic function of the light reactions of photosynthesis is the trapping of light energy.

    • What is the basic role of CO2 in photosynthesis?

    <p>CO2 is fixed or incorporated into organic molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Given its function, why is P680+ said to be the strongest biological oxidizing agent?

    <p>It obtains electrons from the oxygen atom in a water molecule, so it must have a stronger attraction for electrons than oxygen has.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Select the correct statement about the Calvin cycle.

    <p>The Calvin cycle has three phases: carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration of RuBP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which wavelengths of light drive the highest rates of photosynthesis?

    <p>670-680 nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Select the correct molecule that is the main product of the Calvin cycle.

    <p>G3P</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does not occur during the Calvin cycle?

    <p>Release of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with:

    <p>ATP and NADPH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms related to chloroplast functions:

    <p>Sunlight = Photosynthesis Chloroplasts = Location of light reactions Sugar = Output of photosynthesis Carbon dioxide = Input of Calvin cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In photosynthesis, a redox compound that is produced in the light reactions is required to drive other redox reactions in the Calvin cycle.

    <p>NADPH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the membranes or compartments of the chloroplast.

    <p>Stroma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What processes contribute to the formation of the proton gradient?

    <p>Processes that transport H+ across the thylakoid membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Do the light reactions of photosynthesis depend on the Calvin cycle?

    <p>No, they do not depend on the Calvin cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In C3 plants, the conservation of water promotes ____.

    <p>photorespiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In C4 and CAM plants, carbon dioxide is fixed in the _____ of mesophyll cells.

    <p>cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    C4 plants differ from C3 and CAM plants in that C4 plants ____.

    <p>transfer fixed carbon dioxide to cells in which the Calvin cycle occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    NADPH and the Calvin Cycle

    • NADPH provides reducing power for Calvin cycle reactions.
    • It is essential for the synthesis of organic molecules during carbon fixation.

    Light-Driven Processes

    • Light energy directly drives the removal of electrons from chlorophyll molecules.
    • The light reactions convert solar energy to chemical energy, facilitating ATP and NADPH production.

    Role of CO2 in Photosynthesis

    • CO2 is fixed into organic molecules during photosynthesis, serving as a critical source for carbon.

    P680+ Properties

    • P680+ acts as the strongest biological oxidizing agent to obtain electrons from water.
    • Its strong electron affinity is necessary for transferring electrons to plastoquinone in the electron transport system.

    Calvin Cycle Overview

    • The Calvin cycle consists of three phases: carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration of RuBP.
    • It primarily occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts and does not release oxygen.

    Light Absorption in Photosynthesis

    • The most effective wavelengths for photosynthesis are 400-450 nm and 670-680 nm.
    • Light absorption is crucial for the functioning of photosystems in the photosynthetic process.

    Main Product of the Calvin Cycle

    • G3P is the main product generated from the Calvin cycle, which can be used to form glucose.

    Light Reaction Inputs and Outputs

    • Inputs: NADP+, ADP, water, light
    • Outputs: ATP, NADPH, O2

    Inputs and Outputs of the Calvin Cycle

    • Inputs: NADPH, ATP, CO2
    • Outputs: ADP, NADP+, G3P

    Redox Reactions in Photosynthesis

    • Light reactions oxidize water to produce O2 and reduce NADP+ to NADPH.
    • The Calvin cycle then oxidizes NADPH, reducing CO2 to G3P.

    Photosystems Functionality

    • Photosystem II: performs water oxidation and feeds electrons into the chain.
    • Photosystem I: reduces NADP+ and completes the electron transport circuit.

    Proton Gradient and ATP Synthesis

    • A proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane is generated through H+ pumping and release, utilized for ATP synthesis.

    Tracking Carbon in the Calvin Cycle

    • Net conversion results in 3-carbon G3P, with various intermediates contributing to overall carbon management.

    Energy Inputs for the Calvin Cycle

    • The conversion of 3 CO2 into 1 G3P requires 6 ATP and 6 NADPH.

    Dependency of Light Reactions on the Calvin Cycle

    • Light reactions require the Calvin cycle indirectly; a decrease in CO2 availability reduces the production of ADP and NADP+, subsequently affecting O2 production.

    Water Conservation in C3 Plants

    • In C3 plants, water conservation leads to an increase in photorespiration.

    C4 and CAM Plant Adaptations

    • C4 plants fix CO2 in the cytoplasm of mesophyll cells and transport it to cells where the Calvin cycle occurs, enhancing efficiency under heat and light stress.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your knowledge on important concepts from BSC 1010C Chapter 10. This quiz covers essential terms and processes related to the Calvin cycle and photosynthesis. Get ready to reinforce your understanding with key definitions and questions.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser