BS Respiratory Therapy: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
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Questions and Answers

What is the classic definition of COPD?

  • Persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation that is not fully reversible
  • Structural cell death occurring through oxidant-induced damage
  • Chronic airflow obstruction determined by spirometry, usually occurring in the setting of noxious environmental exposures (correct)
  • Chronic exposure to cigarette smoke in genetically susceptible individuals

    • What is the primary cause of COPD?

  • Chronic cough and phlegm production
  • Disordered repair of elastin and other extracellular matrix components
  • Chronic exposure to cigarette smoke in genetically susceptible individuals (correct)
  • Airflow limitation and reduction in the number of small bronchioles

    • What is the pathogenesis of emphysema?

  • Chronic airflow obstruction determined by spirometry
  • Chronic cough and phlegm production
  • Inflammatory cells releasing proteinases that damage the extracellular matrix (correct)
  • Destruction of the lung alveoli with air space enlargement

    • What is the anatomical definition of emphysema?

    <p>Destruction of the lung alveoli with air space enlargement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clinical definition of chronic bronchitis?

    <p>Chronic cough and phlegm production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the third leading cause of death in the United States?

    <p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which major physiologic change is characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

    <p>Decreased small bronchioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the enlargement of air spaces and the development of emphysema in COPD?

    <p>Oxidant-induced damage to structural cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of chronic bronchitis as part of COPD?

    <p>Presence of chronic cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does chronic exposure to cigarette smoke contribute to the pathogenesis of COPD?

    <p>Causes inflammatory and immune cell recruitment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect characterizes small airway disease in COPD?

    <p>Airway narrowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do proteinases released by inflammatory cells play in the pathogenesis of COPD?

    <p>Damage the extracellular matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does disordered repair of elastin contribute to emphysema development?

    <p>Contributes to air space enlargement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs within large and small airways due to chronic exposure to cigarette smoke?

    <p>Inflammatory and immune cell recruitment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature that characterizes the pathogenesis of emphysema in COPD?

    <p>Air space enlargement due to structural changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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