Podcast
Questions and Answers
What previous Supreme Court case did Brown v. Board of Education overturn, and what legal doctrine did that previous case establish?
What previous Supreme Court case did Brown v. Board of Education overturn, and what legal doctrine did that previous case establish?
Plessy v. Ferguson, which established the 'separate but equal' doctrine.
What specific constitutional amendment did the argument against school segregation claim was being violated?
What specific constitutional amendment did the argument against school segregation claim was being violated?
The 14th Amendment.
Besides K-12 schools, what other type of educational institution was the Brown v. Board of Education decision applied to?
Besides K-12 schools, what other type of educational institution was the Brown v. Board of Education decision applied to?
Colleges and universities.
What was the main argument made by those who believed that segregated schools were inherently unequal?
What was the main argument made by those who believed that segregated schools were inherently unequal?
What action did the governor of Alabama, George Wallace, take in 1963 to resist the Brown v. Board of Education decision?
What action did the governor of Alabama, George Wallace, take in 1963 to resist the Brown v. Board of Education decision?
Name one way that schools for Black students were unequal to white schools mentioned in the text.
Name one way that schools for Black students were unequal to white schools mentioned in the text.
What reasoning did the supreme court use to decide that the 'separate but equal' doctrine has no place in public education?
What reasoning did the supreme court use to decide that the 'separate but equal' doctrine has no place in public education?
In the context of school segregation, what does the term 'segregated' mean?
In the context of school segregation, what does the term 'segregated' mean?
What action ultimately ended the conflict caused by Alabama Governor George Wallace blocking Black students from registering for university in 1963?
What action ultimately ended the conflict caused by Alabama Governor George Wallace blocking Black students from registering for university in 1963?
What organization helped parents and students challenge the Plessy v. Ferguson decision that allowed segregation?
What organization helped parents and students challenge the Plessy v. Ferguson decision that allowed segregation?
Flashcards
Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
Segregation based on race is unconstitutional, overturning the 'separate but equal' doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson.
Segregation
Segregation
The act of keeping different races or groups apart from each other.
Separate but Equal
Separate but Equal
The legal principle that allowed segregation as long as facilities were equal in quality.
14th Amendment
14th Amendment
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Argument in Brown v. Board
Argument in Brown v. Board
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Decision in Brown v. Board
Decision in Brown v. Board
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Plessy v. Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson
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Study Notes
- Brown v. Board of Education occurred in 1954
The Case
- Black parents and students fought against segregation laws in the 1950s.
- Many states had segregated Black and White people based on race.
- Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) had established segregation as constitutional if facilities were "separate but equal."
- Schools for Black children were often run-down and lacked resources.
- Black students were bused across town instead of attending nearby schools for White children only.
- The NAACP helped parents and students challenge the Plessy decision.
- Oliver Brown in Topeka, Kansas, and other parents tried to enroll their children in white-only schools, but they were rejected.
- Efforts to improve Black schools were ignored in some states.
Arguments & Decision
- Brown argued that segregated schools were inherently unequal.
- Segregation sends a message of inferiority to Black students.
- Segregation violates the 14th Amendment, which guarantees equal protection.
- The Supreme Court agreed, overturning Plessy v. Ferguson.
- The "separate but equal" doctrine had no place in public education.
- Racial segregation creates a feeling of inferiority that cannot be easily undone.
- Segregation deprives Black students of equal protection under the 14th Amendment.
Impact
- The Court's decision rejected the "separate but equal" doctrine.
- All-white schools could no longer reject Black students.
- The decision applied to K-12 schools, colleges, and universities.
- In 1963, Governor George Wallace of Alabama tried to block Black students from entering the University of Alabama.
- President Kennedy intervened and sent the National Guard to resolve the conflict.
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