Questions and Answers
What are the indications of aminophylline? (Select all that apply)
What class is aminophylline in?
What is the action of aminophylline?
Relaxes smooth muscle and stimulates diaphragm.
What are the side effects of aminophylline? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What is the adult dosage for aminophylline?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the pediatric dosage for aminophylline?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the contraindications for aminophylline? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
How is aminophylline supplied?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the special considerations for aminophylline?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the drug interactions of aminophylline? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Indications
- Used for asthma management.
- Effective in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- Treats bronchospasm in various conditions.
Classification
- Classified as a bronchodilator.
- Falls under xanthine derivatives.
Mechanism of Action
- Relaxes smooth muscles in bronchi and pulmonary vessels.
- Stimulates the diaphragm to aid breathing.
Side Effects
- Common side effects include nausea and vomiting.
- Can cause irritability and tachycardia.
- May lead to serious complications like ventricular arrhythmias and seizures.
Adult Dosage
- Initial loading dose: 6 mg/kg IV.
- Followed by a continuous infusion of 0.4-0.9 mg/kg/h IV.
Pediatric Dosage
- Initial loading dose: 6 mg/kg IV.
- Continuous infusion of 1 mg/kg/h IV thereafter.
Contraindications
- Avoid in patients with uncontrolled arrhythmias.
- Not recommended for those with hypertension or seizure disorders.
- Contraindicated in hyperthyroidism and peptic ulcers.
Pharmaceutical Formulations
- Available in tablet form (100 mg, 200 mg).
- Also available as suppositories (100 mg, 200 mg).
- Solutions come in a concentration of 105 mg/5mL.
- Injection formulation is at 25 mg/mL.
Special Considerations
- Has a very narrow therapeutic range, requiring careful monitoring.
- Patient history should include other methylxanthine uses to prevent interactions.
- Sudden increases in blood pressure can indicate potential toxicity.
Drug Interactions
- May decrease the effects of lithium, phenytoin, and adenosine.
- Reduced effects when used with phenobarbital, barbiturates, and rifampin.
- Increased effects noted with cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and certain dietary factors like tobacco and charcoal-broiled foods.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This quiz explores the use of bronchodilators in the management of asthma and COPD. It covers their mechanism of action, side effects, dosage for adults and children, and contraindications. Test your understanding of these important medications and their applications.