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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a major trigger of bronchoconstriction?
Which of the following is a major trigger of bronchoconstriction?
- Secretions
- Mucosal edema
- Bronchospasm (correct)
- Airway inflammation
Which device is NOT commonly used to administer inhaled aerosols?
Which device is NOT commonly used to administer inhaled aerosols?
- Oral tablets (correct)
- Small-volume nebulizer (SVN)
- Soft-mist inhaler (Respimat)
- Metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
Which category of bronchodilators is associated with adverse effects such as tachycardia and tremors?
Which category of bronchodilators is associated with adverse effects such as tachycardia and tremors?
- Methylxanthine
- Corticosteroid
- Anticholinergic
- Sympathomimetic (correct)
What is the primary mechanism of action of anticholinergic bronchodilators?
What is the primary mechanism of action of anticholinergic bronchodilators?
Which of the following is true about Roflumilast (Daliresp)?
Which of the following is true about Roflumilast (Daliresp)?
What is the primary function of Magnesium sulfate in severe asthma exacerbations?
What is the primary function of Magnesium sulfate in severe asthma exacerbations?
Which medication is a combined B2 agonist and muscarinic antagonist?
Which medication is a combined B2 agonist and muscarinic antagonist?
What is the primary therapeutic use of Methylxanthines like Theophylline?
What is the primary therapeutic use of Methylxanthines like Theophylline?
Which medication is used as an adjunctive bronchodilator in severe, life-threatening asthma exacerbations?
Which medication is used as an adjunctive bronchodilator in severe, life-threatening asthma exacerbations?
What is the primary effect of combined B2 agonist and muscarinic antagonist medications like Combivent?
What is the primary effect of combined B2 agonist and muscarinic antagonist medications like Combivent?
Which medication is taken orally and used to reduce the risk of acute exacerbations in severe COPD patients?
Which medication is taken orally and used to reduce the risk of acute exacerbations in severe COPD patients?
What is the primary adverse effect of Magnesium sulfate used as an adjunctive bronchodilator?
What is the primary adverse effect of Magnesium sulfate used as an adjunctive bronchodilator?
What is the primary neurotransmitter for sympathetic (adrenergic) receptors in the lung?
What is the primary neurotransmitter for sympathetic (adrenergic) receptors in the lung?
Which receptors do adrenergic bronchodilators stimulate to achieve relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle?
Which receptors do adrenergic bronchodilators stimulate to achieve relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle?
Which medication is a long-acting antimuscarinic agent used for extended bronchodilation?
Which medication is a long-acting antimuscarinic agent used for extended bronchodilation?
What is the primary adverse effect of adrenergic bronchodilators?
What is the primary adverse effect of adrenergic bronchodilators?
Which neurotransmitter do anticholinergic bronchodilators act as competitive antagonists for on airway smooth muscle?
Which neurotransmitter do anticholinergic bronchodilators act as competitive antagonists for on airway smooth muscle?
Which category of bronchodilators is used for maintenance treatment in COPD and during acute asthma attacks?
Which category of bronchodilators is used for maintenance treatment in COPD and during acute asthma attacks?
Which medication provides rapid onset (within 10 mins) and is used for acute bronchospasm?
Which medication provides rapid onset (within 10 mins) and is used for acute bronchospasm?
Which medication has a longer duration of action and is usually indicated for patients with cardiac concerns?
Which medication has a longer duration of action and is usually indicated for patients with cardiac concerns?
Which medication is a nonselective sympathomimetic used for conditions like status asthmaticus and acute mucosal edema?
Which medication is a nonselective sympathomimetic used for conditions like status asthmaticus and acute mucosal edema?
Which adverse effect is associated with adrenergic bronchodilators?
Which adverse effect is associated with adrenergic bronchodilators?
Which category of bronchodilators are used for acute relief of airflow obstruction and maintenance bronchodilation in patients with obstructive lung disease?
Which category of bronchodilators are used for acute relief of airflow obstruction and maintenance bronchodilation in patients with obstructive lung disease?
Which medication is a long-acting bronchodilator that provides bronchodilation for extended periods?
Which medication is a long-acting bronchodilator that provides bronchodilation for extended periods?
Flashcards
Inhaled aerosols
Inhaled aerosols
Medications delivered directly to the lungs using fine particles.
Lung receptors
Lung receptors
Sympathetic and parasympathetic receptors that regulate airway tone.
Adrenergic bronchodilators
Adrenergic bronchodilators
Medications that relax bronchial smooth muscle via adrenergic receptors.
Alpha-receptors
Alpha-receptors
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Beta-1 receptors
Beta-1 receptors
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Beta-2 receptors
Beta-2 receptors
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Sympathomimetics
Sympathomimetics
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Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids
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SABA
SABA
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LABA
LABA
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Nonselective sympathomimetics
Nonselective sympathomimetics
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Albuterol
Albuterol
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Levalbuterol
Levalbuterol
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Long-acting bronchodilators
Long-acting bronchodilators
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Anticholinergic bronchodilators
Anticholinergic bronchodilators
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Long-acting antimuscarinic agents
Long-acting antimuscarinic agents
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Tachycardia
Tachycardia
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Evaluate bronchodilator therapy
Evaluate bronchodilator therapy
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Racemic epinephrine
Racemic epinephrine
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Adverse effects of bronchodilators
Adverse effects of bronchodilators
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Mucosal edema
Mucosal edema
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Status asthmaticus
Status asthmaticus
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Competitive antagonists
Competitive antagonists
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Bronchodilation duration
Bronchodilation duration
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Study Notes
Bronchodilator Medications in Respiratory Therapy
- Inhaled aerosols have advantages such as rapid drug action and targeted delivery, but they also have disadvantages due to variable delivered doses and lack of knowledge of device performance.
- The lung contains sympathetic (adrenergic) and parasympathetic (cholinergic) receptors, with norepinephrine and acetylcholine as the respective neurotransmitters.
- Adrenergic bronchodilators, including short-acting and long-acting agents, are used for acute relief of airflow obstruction and maintenance bronchodilation in patients with obstructive lung disease.
- Adrenergic bronchodilators work by stimulating alpha-receptors, beta-1 receptors, and beta-2 receptors to achieve vasoconstriction, increased heart rate, and relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle.
- Sympathomimetics and corticosteroids help relieve mucosal edema, while sympathomimetics and anticholinergics are used to relieve bronchospasm.
- Adrenergic bronchodilators are classified as short-acting (SABA), long-acting (LABA), and ultra long-acting, with examples including albuterol, levalbuterol, and racemic epinephrine.
- Albuterol, a short-acting bronchodilator, has rapid onset (within 10 mins) and is used for acute bronchospasm, while levalbuterol has a longer duration of action and is usually indicated for patients with cardiac concerns.
- Long-acting bronchodilators, such as arformoterol, formoterol, indacaterol, olodaterol, salmeterol, and vilanterol, provide bronchodilation for extended periods.
- Nonselective sympathomimetics like epinephrine and racemic epinephrine are used for conditions like status asthmaticus and acute mucosal edema.
- Adverse effects of adrenergic bronchodilators include tremors, headache, insomnia, and tachycardia, and assessment of bronchodilator therapy involves evaluating vital signs and breath sounds before and after treatment.
- Anticholinergic bronchodilators, also known as parasympatholytics, are used for maintenance treatment in COPD and during acute asthma attacks, and they act as competitive antagonists for acetylcholine on airway smooth muscle.
- Long-acting antimuscarinic agents, such as aclidinium, glycopyrrolate, tiotropium, and umeclidinium, provide bronchodilation for extended periods and have varying durations of action.
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Description
Test your knowledge of bronchodilator medications in respiratory therapy with this quiz. Explore the mechanisms of action, classification, and examples of adrenergic and anticholinergic bronchodilators, along with their indications and adverse effects. Brush up on essential concepts for managing obstructive lung diseases and acute airflow obstruction.
