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Questions and Answers
What is the primary cause of bronchiolitis in infants?
What is the primary cause of bronchiolitis in infants?
- Parainfluenza virus
- Adenovirus
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (correct)
- Influenza virus
During which seasons is bronchiolitis most commonly observed?
During which seasons is bronchiolitis most commonly observed?
- Winter and Autumn (correct)
- Summer and Fall
- All year round
- Spring and Summer
Which sign is NOT typically associated with bronchiolitis?
Which sign is NOT typically associated with bronchiolitis?
- Cyanosis (correct)
- Low grade fever
- Inspiratory crackles
- Increased respiratory rate (RR)
What is the primary goal of management for a child with bronchiolitis?
What is the primary goal of management for a child with bronchiolitis?
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In which age group is bronchiolitis most likely to peak?
In which age group is bronchiolitis most likely to peak?
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Study Notes
Bronchiolitis
- Inflammation of the bronchioles
- Typically caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
- Primarily occurs during autumn and winter months
- Usually affects infants between 2 and 5 months old
- Often results in the first wheezing episode
- Symptoms worsen in the first 72 hours before improving
- Other household members might experience similar symptoms
Signs and Symptoms
- Reduced oxygen saturation (SpO2)
- Increased respiratory rate
- Chest wall recession
- Irregular breathing pattern
- Inspiratory crackles
- Expiratory wheeze
- Low-grade fever
- Potential for apnoea (temporary cessation of breathing)
Bronchiolitis Management
- Follow the DR ABCDE approach (prioritize airway and breathing, then transport)
- Focus on respiratory support and adequate feeding/hydration
- Administer oxygen if SpO2 consistently remains below a specified threshold
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