Bronchiolitis

• Bronchiolitis is inflammation of the bronchioles caused by a viral illness.
• Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in children.
• Other viruses that cause bronchiolitis include adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, influenza, and parainfluenza.
• Risk factors for bronchiolitis include preterm birth, chronic lung disease, complicated congenital heart disease, immunodeficiency, and presence of other chronic illnesses.
• Cockroaches, dust mites, and pet dander can trigger bronchiolitis in infants.
• Inflammation of the small airways in the lungs causes mucus production, inflammation, and cellular necrosis, leading to obstruction and wheezing.
• Symptoms include runny nose, cough, tachypnea, wheezing, and respiratory failure.
• Management is supportive and includes hydration, suction, and close monitoring for respiratory failure.
• Bronchodilators, steroids, and antibiotics are not recommended for treatment.
• Prophylaxis and vaccination can help prevent bronchiolitis.

Test your knowledge about bronchiolitis, a common viral illness that affects the small airways in the lungs. Learn about the causes, risk factors, symptoms, and management of bronchiolitis in infants and children. Discover how to prevent bronchiolitis through vaccination and prophylaxis. Take this quiz and become an expert on bronchiolitis!