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Questions and Answers
Which virus is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in children?
Which virus is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in children?
- Adenovirus
- Human metapneumovirus
- Influenza
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV (correct)
Which of the following is a risk factor for bronchiolitis?
Which of the following is a risk factor for bronchiolitis?
- Adequate sleep
- Exposure to pollen
- Regular exercise
- Chronic lung disease (correct)
Which of the following is not recommended for the treatment of bronchiolitis?
Which of the following is not recommended for the treatment of bronchiolitis?
- Bronchodilators
- Steroids
- Antibiotics
- Antihistamines (correct)
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Study Notes
- Bronchiolitis is inflammation of the bronchioles caused by a viral illness.
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in children.
- Other viruses that cause bronchiolitis include adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, influenza, and parainfluenza.
- Risk factors for bronchiolitis include preterm birth, chronic lung disease, complicated congenital heart disease, immunodeficiency, and presence of other chronic illnesses.
- Cockroaches, dust mites, and pet dander can trigger bronchiolitis in infants.
- Inflammation of the small airways in the lungs causes mucus production, inflammation, and cellular necrosis, leading to obstruction and wheezing.
- Symptoms include runny nose, cough, tachypnea, wheezing, and respiratory failure.
- Management is supportive and includes hydration, suction, and close monitoring for respiratory failure.
- Bronchodilators, steroids, and antibiotics are not recommended for treatment.
- Prophylaxis and vaccination can help prevent bronchiolitis.
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