BREES Statistics Exam Revision
88 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What would be the predicted blood pressure for a patient treated with 20 µg of the drug based on the regression equation y = 120.7 - 0.2x?

  • 116.7 mmHg
  • 100.7 mmHg
  • 111.2 mmHg (correct)
  • 120.5 mmHg

    • In the cat food experiment using ANOVA, what is the null hypothesis?

  • mean A > mean B > mean C
  • mean A < mean B < mean C
  • mean A = mean B = mean C (correct)
  • mean A is not equal to mean B or mean C

    • Given the p-value of 0.004 in the ANOVA test, what conclusion can be drawn regarding the null hypothesis?

  • The null hypothesis cannot be rejected.
  • The null hypothesis is rejected. (correct)
  • The p-value indicates no effect.
  • The null hypothesis is accepted.

    • What would the blood pressure be for a subject treated with 0 µg of the drug, using the regression equation provided?

    <p>120.7 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long is the statistics exam?

    <p>1 hour 30 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the unit mark does the statistics exam represent?

    <p>30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to be brought into the statistics exam?

    <p>A calculator that cannot communicate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many multiple-choice questions (MCQs) will there be on statistical theory and application?

    <p>15 MCQs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do before the exam regarding Data Set One?

    <p>Analyze it using SPSS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of printed pages you can bring into the statistics exam?

    <p>4 pages, double sided</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the exam, what must you do with your answers?

    <p>Transfer them on the Examination Answer Sheet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following items is NOT allowed in the statistics exam?

    <p>Smartphone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mean of the given distribution of values: 924 g, 876 g, 703 g, 776 g, and 1032 g?

    <p>877 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Z-score of 0.67 indicate regarding a value's position in relation to the mean?

    <p>The value is 0.67 standard deviations above the mean.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the average exam score is 48% and the standard deviation is 12%, what percentage of students scored above 60%?

    <p>36%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the central limit theorem when N exceeds 30?

    <p>The sampling distribution will be normal regardless of the population distribution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard deviation of the sample means if the population standard deviation is 6.8 g and N equals 4?

    <p>3.4 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What proportion of values lies within +/- 1.96 standard deviations from the mean in a normal distribution?

    <p>95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the normal distribution stated, what is the approximate percentage of values that lie within one standard deviation of the mean?

    <p>68%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the symbol σ (sigma) in the context of the normal distribution?

    <p>It represents the standard deviation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for calculating degrees of freedom when estimating the population mean?

    <p>df = N - 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a t-score represent in the context of estimating the population mean?

    <p>The number of standard deviations the sample mean is from the population mean.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Given a mean value of 82 pM and a standard deviation of 16 pM for five volunteers' samples, what is the standard error of the mean?

    <p>7.2 pM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate multiplier for the t-score at a 95% confidence level with 4 degrees of freedom?

    <p>2.78</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the width of the 95% confidence interval for the mean concentration of the hormone in the population?

    <p>19.8 pM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the t-distribution used instead of the normal distribution in this context?

    <p>The sample size is small, and the sample standard deviation is used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In statistical terms, what does a confidence interval indicate?

    <p>The range of values within which the population mean is likely to fall.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If you increase the sample size in this experiment, what effect will it have on the width of the confidence interval?

    <p>It will decrease the width.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Type I error indicate in hypothesis testing?

    <p>Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the null hypothesis in hypothesis testing?

    <p>To establish that there is no difference between population means</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a clinical trial, what is the purpose of calculating a risk ratio?

    <p>To compare the probability of an outcome between two groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is correlation typically quantified in bivariate data analysis?

    <p>Using Pearson’s coefficient, r.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the provided data, what does a p-value of 0.025 signify?

    <p>There is a 2.5% chance of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statistical test is appropriate to compare the sample mean of 82 pM to the population reference value of 78 pM?

    <p>One-sample t-test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the slope (b) in a regression equation represent?

    <p>The change in the outcome variable for each unit change in the predictor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes a characteristic of a scatter plot?

    <p>It shows relationships between two continuous variables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a researcher reduce the likelihood of a Type I error?

    <p>Lower the alpha value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a standard deviation of 16 pM indicate in the context of the hormone concentrations?

    <p>There is a high variance in hormone levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of drug trials, what does an alpha value (e.g., 0.05) signify?

    <p>The threshold for determining statistical significance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Type II error mean in hypothesis testing?

    <p>Failing to reject the null hypothesis incorrectly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'bivariate data' refer to?

    <p>Data that relates two different variables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the chi-squared test determine in a study?

    <p>Whether differences between observed and expected frequencies are significant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a researcher has a desired alpha level of 0.05, what does this signify?

    <p>There is a 5% chance of falsely rejecting the null hypothesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is implied by the concentration value '14.0 pM' in the provided data?

    <p>It is one of the mean values for different degrees of freedom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of double-sided pages that can be brought into the statistics exam?

    <p>8 pages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which item is specifically required to analyze Data Set One before the statistics exam?

    <p>A print-out of the SPSS analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the overall unit mark is represented by the statistics exam?

    <p>30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the predicted blood pressure for a patient treated with 10 µg of the drug using the regression equation?

    <p>115.7 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the statistics exam is true?

    <p>Students can use any type of calculator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the given ANOVA experiment regarding cat foods, how many different brands were tested?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What analysis method is required for the data set prior to the statistics exam?

    <p>SPSS analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the null hypothesis in the context of the ANOVA test performed?

    <p>At least one mean is different.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the statistics exam, where must answers be transferred to?

    <p>The Examination Answer Sheet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the blood pressure of a subject treated with 0 µg of the drug, based on the regression equation?

    <p>120.7 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum writing instrument students must bring to the statistics exam?

    <p>A pencil (HB or softer)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many multiple-choice questions are based on statistical theory and application?

    <p>15 MCQs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What statistical method is used to compare the effectiveness of more than two brands of cat food?

    <p>ANOVA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Z-score indicate in relation to a specific data point?

    <p>The number of standard deviations the data point is from the mean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When the sampling distribution is normal, what is the relationship between the mean of the sample means and the population mean?

    <p>The mean of the sample means is the same as the population mean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the average exam score is 48% and the standard deviation is 12%, approximately what percentage of students scored above 60%?

    <p>16%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing the sample size (N) on the standard error of the mean?

    <p>It decreases the standard error of the mean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a normal distribution, what percentage of values lies within +/- 1.96 standard deviations from the mean?

    <p>95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a standard deviation of 15 indicate in a normal distribution of exam scores?

    <p>Scores are widely spread out from the mean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When the population is normally distributed and N > 30, what can be said about the sampling distribution?

    <p>It will be normal regardless of the population shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard error of the mean if the population standard deviation is 6.8 g and the sample size N is 4?

    <p>3.4 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating degrees of freedom when estimating the population mean?

    <p>N - 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Using a t-score of 2.78 with 4 degrees of freedom, what is the critical value for a 95% confidence interval?

    <p>2.78</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Type I error indicate in the context of hypothesis testing?

    <p>Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard error of the mean if the standard deviation is 16 pM and the sample size is 5?

    <p>3.6 pM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the mean value of the hormone concentration is 82 pM, what value represents the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval assuming the width is 14 pM?

    <p>75 pM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a randomized control trial, how is the risk ratio calculated?

    <p>The probability of an event occurring in the treatment group divided by the control group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Pearson's coefficient, r, quantify in bivariate data analysis?

    <p>The extent of the relationship between two variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a normally distributed population with a mean of 82 pM and a standard deviation of 16 pM, which width corresponds to a 95% confidence interval using a t-score of 2.31?

    <p>22 pM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate width of the 95% confidence interval for the mean hormone concentration based on a t-score of 2.09 with a standard deviation of 16 pM?

    <p>12.0 pM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a t-score of 2.57 correspond to with 5 degrees of freedom for a 95% confidence interval?

    <p>Corresponds to 4.03</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of binary data, what does a significant chi-squared test result indicate?

    <p>The observed frequencies differ from the expected frequencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best explains the concept of a confidence interval?

    <p>A range of values within which the population mean is expected to lie with a certain level of confidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does increasing the sample size in an experiment typically do to the confidence interval?

    <p>Narrow the confidence interval</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding correlation in bivariate data analysis?

    <p>Correlation can be both linear and non-linear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an alpha value of 0.05 typically signify in hypothesis testing?

    <p>A 5% chance of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of error occurs when we reject the null hypothesis when it is actually true?

    <p>Type I error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a p-value of 0.025 suggest regarding the null hypothesis in hypothesis testing?

    <p>There is statistically significant evidence against the null hypothesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statistical test should be used to compare a sample mean of 82 pM to a population reference value of 78 pM?

    <p>One-sample t-test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can one reduce the likelihood of committing a Type I error?

    <p>Lower the alpha level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the alpha level in hypothesis testing?

    <p>To set the threshold for rejecting the null hypothesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the standard deviation of 16 pM indicate about the concentration measurements?

    <p>Measurements are highly variable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a Type II error?

    <p>Failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is false</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of hypothesis testing, increasing the power of a test will do what?

    <p>Make it easier to detect a true effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    BREES Statistics Exam

    • Exam revision session led by Karen Still
    • Offered through the School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol

    Exam Information

    • Assessment: One Multiple Choice Question (MCQ) in-person exam paper.
    • Weighting: 30% of the final unit mark.
    • Date: Tuesday 10th December 2024.
    • Time: 09.15 GMT.
    • Duration: 1 hour 30 minutes.
    • Content: 25 multiple-choice questions (MCQs).
    • 15 MCQs focus on statistical theory and application, including calculations.
    • 5 MCQs are based on a data set released beforehand, requiring SPSS analysis.
      • This data set will be available by Thursday 26th November.
    • 5 MCQs relate to a pre-performed SPSS analysis of a second data set (released as part of the exam paper).
    • Materials: Calculator, printed SPSS analysis of Data Set One (maximum 4 double-sided pages). Students can annotate printed sheets with handwritten or typed notes. Student name and ID must be present on the sheets.

    Exam Details

    • Format: In-person, 25 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on statistical theory and application.
    • Duration: 1 hour 30 minutes.
    • Materials: Calculator, printed SPSS analysis of Data Set One (maximum 4 double-sided pages), annotations are permitted.
    • Location: Students must check their exam timetable for the date, time, and venue.
    • Late Arrival: Late arrivals may be refused entry.
    • Absence: Absence may result in taking the reassessment in July/August 2025, with a maximum unit mark of 40%.
    • Data Set One: Analyse the data using appropriate SPSS methods before the exam, and bring a printed output into the exam.
    • Data Set One Analysis Format: The data analysis should not exceed 4 double-sided pages.
    • Answer Sheet: Answer sheet includes more answer choices than questions. Ignore the excess choices.
    • Materials per the Checklist: Ensure bringing pencil (HB or softer), eraser, pencil sharpener, calculator, printout of SPSS completed analysis (Data Set One), and your valid University card.
    • Rules: Adhere to University rules on permitted exam materials.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    BREES Statistics Revision PDF

    Description

    Prepare for the BREES Statistics Exam with this focused revision session led by Karen Still. This in-person exam features 25 multiple-choice questions covering statistical theory, SPSS analysis, and practical applications. Ensure you are ready for this key assessment that contributes to your final unit mark.

    More Like This

    Data Analysis in Engineering
    9 questions

    Data Analysis in Engineering

    TopQualityQuartz avatar
    TopQualityQuartz
    Statistical Theory: Calculating Optimal Sample Size
    10 questions

    Statistical Theory: Calculating Optimal Sample Size

    TrustworthyPeony avatar
    TrustworthyPeony
    Statistical Theory and Hypothesis Testing
    24 questions

    Statistical Theory and Hypothesis Testing

    StylizedKeytar9009 avatar
    StylizedKeytar9009
    Statistics Confidence Limits Quiz
    21 questions

    Statistics Confidence Limits Quiz

    PopularHeliotrope4648 avatar
    PopularHeliotrope4648
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser