Breathing Pattern Recognition Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are considered vital signs in healthcare facilities?

  • Height, weight, and BMI
  • Eye color, hair color, and skin tone
  • Temperature, pulse, and respiration (correct)
  • Blood glucose level, cholesterol level, and blood count

    • What is the purpose of measuring pulse in healthcare?

  • To measure the patient's blood pressure
  • To provide information about the patient's circulatory status (correct)
  • To determine the patient's height
  • To assess the patient's respiratory function

    • What does systolic blood pressure measure?

  • The force the blood exerts against the walls of the arteries during cardiac muscle relaxation
  • The force the blood exerts against the walls of the arteries during cardiac muscle contraction (correct)
  • The maximum amount of pressure exerted on the arteries during ventricular diastole
  • The minimum amount of pressure exerted on the arteries during ventricular systole

    • What is the expected reference range for an adult client's respiratory rate?

    <p>12 to 20/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nursing action for monitoring tachycardia?

    <p>Monitor for potential adverse effects of medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the factors leading to bradycardia?

    <p>Long-term physical fitness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nursing action for monitoring bradycardia?

    <p>Monitor for manifestations of low cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected respiratory rate for newborns?

    <p>30 to 60/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of individuals are diaphragmatic breathers?

    <p>Males and children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary respiratory drive for clients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

    <p>Oxygen levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pulse oximetry in measuring perfusion?

    <p>To measure the flow of red blood cells to and from the pulmonary capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a complication of ineffective breathing patterns?

    <p>Decreased diffusion of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected reference range for pulse oximetry?

    <p>95% to 100%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principal determinant of blood pressure?

    <p>Cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the breathing pattern characterized by an irregular rate and depth of respirations that follow a cyclical pattern?

    <p>Cheyne-Stokes respirations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the expected reference range for an adult client's pulse at rest?

    <p>60 to 100/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the strength of the pulse reflect?

    <p>The volume of blood ejected against the arterial wall with each heart contraction and the condition of the arterial vascular system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an inequality or absence of pulse on one side of the body indicate?

    <p>A disease state such as thrombus or aortic dissection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected pulse rate for a 1-week-old infant?

    <p>90 to 160/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of thermometers are recommended for reducing the risk of cross-infection?

    <p>Disposable single-use thermometers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended age for using electronic ear thermometers according to the American Academy of Pediatrics?

    <p>Infants 3 months and younger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended nursing action for hypothermia?

    <p>Provide a warming blanket</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended nursing action for fever management in children and adolescents with viral illnesses?

    <p>Provide antipyretics such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered stage 1 hypertension according to the updated guidelines?

    <p>130/80 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is orthostatic hypotension?

    <p>A decrease in blood pressure when changing positions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor to hypertension?

    <p>Low body weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a client do prior to having their blood pressure measured?

    <p>Rest for 5 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a core temperature measurement site?

    <p>Esophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which temperature measurement site is usually 0.5°C lower than oral and tympanic temperatures?

    <p>Axillary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the acceptable range for oral temperature?

    <p>36°C to 38°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do older adults experience lower body temperatures?

    <p>They have a loss of subcutaneous fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which position should the client be in for a rectal temperature measurement?

    <p>Sims' position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the body's response to infectious and inflammatory processes?

    <p>Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should oral temperature be measured accurately?

    <p>20 to 30 minutes after food or fluid intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a safety measure when obtaining rectal temperatures?

    <p>Do not obtain rectal temperatures for clients who have rectal disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended nursing action for preventing shivering during chills caused by fever?

    <p>Offering blankets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of thermometer is advised against for infants 3 months old and younger due to inaccurate readings?

    <p>Electronic ear thermometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended nursing action for ensuring accurate test results before administering prescribed antibiotics?

    <p>Obtain prescribed cultures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected pulse rate for an adolescent at rest according to the text?

    <p>50 to 100/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an indication of altered electrical activity of the heart according to the text?

    <p>A premature, late, or missed heart beat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended device for measuring peripheral pulse according to the text?

    <p>Stethoscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected reference range for an adult client's respiratory rate when at rest?

    <p>12 to 20/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nursing action for monitoring tachycardia?

    <p>Monitor for potential adverse effects of medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors can lead to bradycardia?

    <p>Chronic severe pain and relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a surface temperature measurement site?

    <p>Axillae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected temperature range for a newborn?

    <p>36.5° to 37.5° C (97.7° to 99.5° F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of heat loss through perspiration called?

    <p>Evaporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected reference range for pulse oximetry in clients with chronic lung disease?

    <p>95% to 100%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the breathing pattern characterized by abnormally deep respirations?

    <p>Kussmaul respirations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the physiological response that reflects the amount of constriction or dilation of the arteries?

    <p>Peripheral vascular resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a safety measure for obtaining rectal temperatures?

    <p>Do not obtain rectal temperatures for infants younger than 3 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended wait time before measuring oral temperature?

    <p>20-30 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction to insert the rectal probe for an adult?

    <p>Toward the head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected respiratory rate for children aged 3 to 5 years old?

    <p>20 to 25/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor to impaired breathing patterns?

    <p>Decreased heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of chemoreceptors in the carotid arteries and the aorta?

    <p>Monitor carbon dioxide levels in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of measuring oxygen saturation as a vital sign?

    <p>To evaluate the adequacy of airway and breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure?

    <p>Systolic blood pressure is the maximum pressure exerted on the arteries during cardiac muscle contraction, while diastolic blood pressure is the minimum pressure exerted during cardiac muscle relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of measuring pulse in healthcare?

    <p>To provide information about circulatory status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor to hypertension?

    <p>Low sodium intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure readings called?

    <p>Pulse pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended nursing action for obtaining an accurate blood pressure measurement?

    <p>Measure BP in a chair with the feet flat on the floor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can result in hypotension?

    <p>Fluid depletion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension according to the updated guidelines of the Eighth Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure?

    <p>Stage 1 hypertension has a systolic BP of 130 to 139 mm Hg or a diastolic BP of 80 to 89 mm Hg, while stage 2 hypertension has a systolic BP of greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg or a diastolic BP of greater than or equal to 90 mm Hg.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can raise blood pressure?

    <p>High sodium intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is dysrhythmia according to the text?

    <p>An irregular heart rhythm with an irregular radial pulse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is pulse deficit according to the text?

    <p>The difference between the apical rate and the radial rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected pulse rate for a 1-week-old infant according to the text?

    <p>90 to 160/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected pulse rate for an adolescent at rest according to the text?

    <p>50 to 100/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can make the peripheral pulses difficult to palpate in older adult clients according to the text?

    <p>Poor circulation or cardiac dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should pulse deficit be accurately determined according to the text?

    <p>By measuring the apical and radial pulse rates simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an accurate definition of dysrhythmia?

    <p>An irregular heart rhythm with an irregular radial pulse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is pulse deficit?

    <p>The difference between the apical rate and the radial rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected pulse rate for an adolescent?

    <p>50 to 100/min, depending on activity level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the expected pulse rate range for a 1-week-old infant?

    <p>90 to 160/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the apical rate and the radial rate called?

    <p>Pulse deficit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Vital Signs

    • Vital signs in healthcare facilities include pulse, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and body temperature.

    Pulse

    • Measuring pulse determines heart rate and rhythm, and detects alterations in cardiac function.
    • The expected reference range for an adult client's pulse at rest is 60-100 beats per minute (bpm).
    • The strength of the pulse reflects cardiac output and peripheral resistance.
    • An inequality or absence of pulse on one side of the body indicates cardiac or peripheral vascular disease.
    • The expected pulse rate for a 1-week-old infant is 100-160 bpm.
    • The expected pulse rate for an adolescent at rest is 55-90 bpm.

    Blood Pressure

    • Systolic blood pressure measures the pressure of blood against the arterial walls during contraction.
    • The principal determinant of blood pressure is peripheral vascular resistance.
    • The expected reference range for an adult client's blood pressure is <120 mmHg systolic and <80 mmHg diastolic.
    • Stage 1 hypertension is blood pressure ≥120-129 mmHg systolic and <80 mmHg diastolic.
    • Orthostatic hypotension is a sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up.
    • Non-contributing factors to hypertension include age, sex, and height.

    Respiratory Rate

    • The expected reference range for an adult client's respiratory rate is 12-20 breaths per minute.
    • The expected respiratory rate for newborns is 30-60 breaths per minute.
    • Diaphragmatic breathers are newborns and infants.

    Body Temperature

    • Digital thermometers are recommended for reducing the risk of cross-infection.
    • Electronic ear thermometers are recommended for children over 3 months old.
    • Rectal temperature measurement is usually 0.5°C higher than oral temperature.
    • The acceptable range for oral temperature is 35.5-37.5°C.
    • Older adults experience lower body temperatures due to decreased metabolic rate.
    • The mechanism of heat loss through perspiration is evaporation.

    Pulse Oximetry

    • The purpose of pulse oximetry is to measure perfusion and oxygen saturation as a vital sign.
    • The expected reference range for pulse oximetry is >95% for healthy adults and >88% for clients with chronic lung disease.

    Breathing Patterns

    • The breathing pattern characterized by an irregular rate and depth of respirations that follow a cyclical pattern is Cheyne-Stokes respiration.
    • The breathing pattern characterized by abnormally deep respirations is Kussmaul respiration.

    Miscellaneous

    • Dysrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm.
    • Pulse deficit is the difference between the apical rate and the radial rate.
    • Chemoreceptors in the carotid arteries and the aorta detect changes in oxygen levels and trigger physiological responses.
    • Hypotension can result in decreased cardiac output and perfusion.
    • Hypothermia can lead to respiratory depression and cardiac arrest.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on recognizing and identifying alterations in breathing patterns. Learn how to determine note depth, rhythm, and potential complications that may arise. This quiz will help you improve your understanding of assessing ineffective breathing patterns.

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