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Questions and Answers
During strenuous physical activity, why does the body increase its breathing rate?
During strenuous physical activity, why does the body increase its breathing rate?
- To reduce the breakdown of food and conserve energy.
- To slow down the heart rate and conserve energy.
- To decrease the supply of carbon dioxide to the cells.
- To increase the supply of oxygen to the cells for energy production. (correct)
An adult human breathes in and out approximately 15-18 times per minute at rest. During heavy exercise, this rate can increase to about 25 times per minute. What is the approximate percentage increase in breathing rate from rest to heavy exercise?
An adult human breathes in and out approximately 15-18 times per minute at rest. During heavy exercise, this rate can increase to about 25 times per minute. What is the approximate percentage increase in breathing rate from rest to heavy exercise?
- 25%
- 67% (correct)
- 50%
- 40%
When a person feels drowsy, their breathing rate slows down. What is a potential consequence of this slower breathing rate?
When a person feels drowsy, their breathing rate slows down. What is a potential consequence of this slower breathing rate?
- The body receives excessive amounts of oxygen.
- The body may not receive sufficient oxygen. (correct)
- The breakdown of food speeds up.
- The heart rate increases significantly.
Air passes through several structures during breathing. Which of the following describes the correct sequence of structures that air passes through when we inhale?
Air passes through several structures during breathing. Which of the following describes the correct sequence of structures that air passes through when we inhale?
The chest cavity, where the lungs are located, is protected by which structures?
The chest cavity, where the lungs are located, is protected by which structures?
Which of the following best describes the role of the diaphragm in the breathing process?
Which of the following best describes the role of the diaphragm in the breathing process?
How is increased breathing rate related to energy levels in the body?
How is increased breathing rate related to energy levels in the body?
During physical activity, the body requires more energy. Which of the following occurs as a direct result of this increased energy demand?
During physical activity, the body requires more energy. Which of the following occurs as a direct result of this increased energy demand?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of Activity 6.4, which measures chest size during breathing?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of Activity 6.4, which measures chest size during breathing?
In the model described in Activity 6.5, what component does the Y-shaped tube with balloons represent in the human respiratory system?
In the model described in Activity 6.5, what component does the Y-shaped tube with balloons represent in the human respiratory system?
What does pulling down the rubber sheet at the base of the bottle in Activity 6.5 simulate in the human breathing process?
What does pulling down the rubber sheet at the base of the bottle in Activity 6.5 simulate in the human breathing process?
In Activity 6.5, what would happen to the balloons inside the bottle if a small hole were created in the side of the bottle?
In Activity 6.5, what would happen to the balloons inside the bottle if a small hole were created in the side of the bottle?
Why is respiration essential for all living organisms?
Why is respiration essential for all living organisms?
What is the purpose of the lime water in the final activity described?
What is the purpose of the lime water in the final activity described?
During cellular respiration, what happens to the oxygen we breathe in?
During cellular respiration, what happens to the oxygen we breathe in?
What is the key difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
What is the key difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
If the chest size of a classmate increases by 3 cm during inhalation in Activity 6.4, what can be inferred?
If the chest size of a classmate increases by 3 cm during inhalation in Activity 6.4, what can be inferred?
Considering both activities, what is the relationship between the diaphragm's movement and the pressure inside the chest cavity?
Considering both activities, what is the relationship between the diaphragm's movement and the pressure inside the chest cavity?
In anaerobic respiration, what products are formed from the breakdown of glucose in yeast?
In anaerobic respiration, what products are formed from the breakdown of glucose in yeast?
Based on the activities, what would happen if someone were unable to effectively contract their diaphragm?
Based on the activities, what would happen if someone were unable to effectively contract their diaphragm?
Why do our bodies need energy even when we are sleeping?
Why do our bodies need energy even when we are sleeping?
Which of the following best explains why Boojho was breathing rapidly after running?
Which of the following best explains why Boojho was breathing rapidly after running?
Consider a scenario where an organism is placed in an environment devoid of oxygen. Which of the following is most likely to occur?
Consider a scenario where an organism is placed in an environment devoid of oxygen. Which of the following is most likely to occur?
If a scientist inhibits the function of mitochondria within a cell, which of the following processes would be MOST directly affected?
If a scientist inhibits the function of mitochondria within a cell, which of the following processes would be MOST directly affected?
During inhalation, what coordinated movements facilitate the entry of air into the lungs?
During inhalation, what coordinated movements facilitate the entry of air into the lungs?
What is the primary function of sneezing in the context of inhaled air?
What is the primary function of sneezing in the context of inhaled air?
How does the position of the diaphragm change during exhalation, and what effect does this movement have on the chest cavity?
How does the position of the diaphragm change during exhalation, and what effect does this movement have on the chest cavity?
Why is it important to cover your nose when you sneeze?
Why is it important to cover your nose when you sneeze?
A person begins to hyperventilate, rapidly increasing their breathing rate. How would you expect this to affect the movement of their rib cage and diaphragm, compared to normal breathing?
A person begins to hyperventilate, rapidly increasing their breathing rate. How would you expect this to affect the movement of their rib cage and diaphragm, compared to normal breathing?
Which of the following scenarios would most likely lead to an increased breathing rate?
Which of the following scenarios would most likely lead to an increased breathing rate?
How do the hairs in the nasal cavity contribute to maintaining respiratory health?
How do the hairs in the nasal cavity contribute to maintaining respiratory health?
What is the potential long-term impact of smoking on the respiratory system, and why is it so detrimental?
What is the potential long-term impact of smoking on the respiratory system, and why is it so detrimental?
During cellular respiration, what are the primary products generated from the breakdown of glucose?
During cellular respiration, what are the primary products generated from the breakdown of glucose?
Which of the following statements accurately distinguishes aerobic from anaerobic respiration?
Which of the following statements accurately distinguishes aerobic from anaerobic respiration?
During intense physical exercise, muscle cells may resort to anaerobic respiration. What is a consequence of this process in muscles?
During intense physical exercise, muscle cells may resort to anaerobic respiration. What is a consequence of this process in muscles?
How does the process of breathing relate to cellular respiration?
How does the process of breathing relate to cellular respiration?
Which adaptation allows earthworms to efficiently exchange gases with their environment?
Which adaptation allows earthworms to efficiently exchange gases with their environment?
How do plants facilitate gas exchange for respiration at the leaf level?
How do plants facilitate gas exchange for respiration at the leaf level?
In which of the following organisms does respiration occur through tracheae?
In which of the following organisms does respiration occur through tracheae?
How is the process of glucose breakdown similar in plant cells and animal cells?
How is the process of glucose breakdown similar in plant cells and animal cells?
In a closed system, which test tube setup would likely exhibit the highest concentration of $CO_2$ after a period of time?
In a closed system, which test tube setup would likely exhibit the highest concentration of $CO_2$ after a period of time?
In cockroaches, what structures are primarily responsible for facilitating air entry into the body?
In cockroaches, what structures are primarily responsible for facilitating air entry into the body?
During intense physical activity, muscle cramps often occur due to the accumulation of which substance?
During intense physical activity, muscle cramps often occur due to the accumulation of which substance?
What is the typical breathing rate range (breaths per minute) for a healthy adult at rest?
What is the typical breathing rate range (breaths per minute) for a healthy adult at rest?
What is the movement of the ribs during exhalation?
What is the movement of the ribs during exhalation?
Which of the following pairings correctly associates an organism with its primary mode of respiration?
Which of the following pairings correctly associates an organism with its primary mode of respiration?
Which statement accurately describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration in plants?
Which statement accurately describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration in plants?
How does the size of the chest cavity change during inhalation, and what is the primary reason for this change?
How does the size of the chest cavity change during inhalation, and what is the primary reason for this change?
Flashcards
Respiration
Respiration
The process where living organisms obtain energy from food.
Cell
Cell
Microscopic units that make up all living organisms; the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism.
Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
The process of breaking down food in the cell with the use of oxygen to release energy.
Aerobic Respiration
Aerobic Respiration
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Anaerobic Respiration
Anaerobic Respiration
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Anaerobes
Anaerobes
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Glucose
Glucose
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Breathing
Breathing
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Gills
Gills
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Stomata
Stomata
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Tracheae
Tracheae
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Breathing Rate
Breathing Rate
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Normal Adult Breathing Rate
Normal Adult Breathing Rate
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Breathing Rate During Exercise
Breathing Rate During Exercise
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Drowsiness Effect on Breathing
Drowsiness Effect on Breathing
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Air Intake
Air Intake
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Nasal Cavity
Nasal Cavity
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Windpipe (Trachea)
Windpipe (Trachea)
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Chest Cavity
Chest Cavity
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Inhalation
Inhalation
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Exhalation
Exhalation
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Diaphragm During Inhalation
Diaphragm During Inhalation
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Diaphragm During Exhalation
Diaphragm During Exhalation
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Ribs During Inhalation
Ribs During Inhalation
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Ribs During Exhalation
Ribs During Exhalation
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Breathing Model
Breathing Model
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Lime Water Test
Lime Water Test
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Diaphragm
Diaphragm
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Ribs
Ribs
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Lungs
Lungs
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Hair in Nasal Cavity
Hair in Nasal Cavity
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Sneezing
Sneezing
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Respiratory System
Respiratory System
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Highest CO2 Concentration
Highest CO2 Concentration
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Cockroach Respiration
Cockroach Respiration
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Muscle Cramps
Muscle Cramps
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Normal Breathing Rate
Normal Breathing Rate
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Rib Movement (Exhalation)
Rib Movement (Exhalation)
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Yeast
Yeast
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Frog Respiration
Frog Respiration
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Study Notes
Respiration in Organisms
- All living organisms respire to get energy from food.
- Breathing is a part of respiration.
- Breathing involves inhaling air and exhaling air rich in carbon dioxide.
Why We Respire
- All organisms are made of cells, the smallest structural and functional unit.
- Cells perform functions like nutrition, transport, excretion, and reproduction, requiring energy.
- Respiration releases energy stored in food.
Cellular Respiration
- It is the process of breaking down food in the cell with the release of energy.
- It occurs in the cells of all organisms.
- Glucose is broken down into carbon dioxide and water using oxygen.
- Aerobic respiration uses oxygen to break down glucose.
- Anaerobic respiration breaks down food without using oxygen.
- Both types of respiration release energy.
Anaerobes
- Some organisms, like yeast, can survive without air and are called anaerobes.
- They get energy through anaerobic respiration.
- In the absence of oxygen, glucose breaks down into alcohol and carbon dioxide.
- Yeasts respire anaerobically and produce alcohol, so they are used to make wine and beer.
Muscle Cells
- They can respire anaerobically for a short time when there is a temporary deficiency of oxygen.
- Anaerobic respiration takes places in muscles to fulfill the demand of energy like during heavy exercise.
- The partial breakdown of glucose produces lactic acid, causing muscle cramps.
- Hot water baths or massages improve circulation, increasing oxygen supply and breaking down lactic acid.
Breathing
- Breathing is taking in air rich in oxygen (inhalation) and giving out air rich in carbon dioxide (exhalation).
- The number of breaths per minute is the breathing rate.
- A breath includes one inhalation and one exhalation.
Breathing Rate
- It is the number of times a person breathes in a minute
- It can change based on the body's oxygen requirements.
- The breathing rate increases when a person needs extra energy.
- An average adult human breathes 15-18 times per minute at rest.
- During heavy exercise, the breathing rate can increase up to 25 times per minute.
Mechanism of Breathing
- Air enters the body through the nostrils, passes through the nasal cavity, and reaches the lungs through the windpipe.
- Lungs are present in the chest cavity, which is surrounded by ribs and has a diaphragm as its floor.
- Breathing involves the movement of the diaphragm and rib cage.
- Inhalation: Ribs move up and outwards, the diaphragm moves down, increasing the chest cavity and drawing air into the lungs.
- Exhalation: Ribs move down and inwards, the diaphragm moves up, reducing the chest cavity and pushing air out of the lungs.
Harmful Particles
- The air has unwanted particles like smoke, dust, and pollens, which get trapped in nasal hair during inhalation.
- These particles may irritate the lining of the nasal cavity, causing sneezing. Sneezing expels foreign particles and ensures clean air enters the body, covering the nose while sneezing prevents these particles from being inhaled by others
Breathing Out
- Air we inhale or exhale is a mixture of gases.
- Exhaled air contains carbon dioxide and water vapor
Breathing in Other Animals
- Animals like elephants, lions, cows, goats, frogs, lizards, snakes, and birds have lungs in their chest cavities.
- Cockroaches have spiracles, small openings on the sides of their bodies, connected to air tubes called tracheae.
- Oxygen-rich air rushes through spiracles into the tracheal tubes and diffuses into body tissues.
- Similarly, carbon dioxide moves out through spiracles.
- Earthworms breathe through their moist skins, allowing gases to pass through. Frogs breathe through their skin, which is moist and slippery, in addition to having lungs.
Breathing Under Water
- Gills in fish help them use oxygen dissolved in.
- Gills are projections of the skin and are well supplied with blood vessels for gas exchange.
Plants and Respiration
- Plants respire for their survival, using oxygen and giving out carbon dioxide.
- Leaves have stomata for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
- Root cells also need oxygen and take it from air spaces between soil particles.
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Description
Explore the mechanics of breathing and respiration, including breathing rates and the function of the diaphragm. Understand how breathing rate changes during exercise and its relation to energy levels. Learn about the structures involved in the breathing process and their correct sequence.
