Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of performing a breast exam?
What is the primary purpose of performing a breast exam?
- To assess menstrual history
- To identify masses and skin changes (correct)
- To prescribe medications
- To evaluate nipple size
At what ages does the CDC recommend HPV vaccination?
At what ages does the CDC recommend HPV vaccination?
- 27-30 years
- 6-10 years
- 0-5 years
- 11-12 years and up to 26 years (correct)
Which of the following is NOT a common problem of the breast?
Which of the following is NOT a common problem of the breast?
- Galactorrhea
- Endometritis (correct)
- Fibroadenoma
- Mastitis
What is a characteristic symptom of mastitis?
What is a characteristic symptom of mastitis?
What is a visible sign that may suggest breast cancer?
What is a visible sign that may suggest breast cancer?
What information should be documented when assessing a breast mass?
What information should be documented when assessing a breast mass?
Which condition is commonly associated with breast tissue infection?
Which condition is commonly associated with breast tissue infection?
Which breast condition might present with nipple discharge?
Which breast condition might present with nipple discharge?
Which of the following correctly describes Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH)?
Which of the following correctly describes Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH)?
What is a possible symptom of Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy?
What is a possible symptom of Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy?
At what average age does menarche occur?
At what average age does menarche occur?
Which condition is linked to the onset of earlier menarche?
Which condition is linked to the onset of earlier menarche?
What does 'last menstrual period' (LMP) refer to?
What does 'last menstrual period' (LMP) refer to?
What is considered a heavy menstrual flow during a cycle?
What is considered a heavy menstrual flow during a cycle?
Which symptom might indicate endocrine abnormalities in menstruation?
Which symptom might indicate endocrine abnormalities in menstruation?
What is the normal duration range for a menstrual cycle?
What is the normal duration range for a menstrual cycle?
What is the primary characteristic of fibrocystic breast changes?
What is the primary characteristic of fibrocystic breast changes?
Which of the following statements best describes fibroadenomas?
Which of the following statements best describes fibroadenomas?
What is the average age of menopause?
What is the average age of menopause?
Galactorrhea can occur in both men and women due to which of the following causes?
Galactorrhea can occur in both men and women due to which of the following causes?
What is a common psychosocial implication of gynecomastia?
What is a common psychosocial implication of gynecomastia?
Which symptom is commonly alleviated by Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) during menopause?
Which symptom is commonly alleviated by Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) during menopause?
What is a key consideration when using Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)?
What is a key consideration when using Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)?
What is one non-modifiable risk factor for prostate cancer?
What is one non-modifiable risk factor for prostate cancer?
Which of the following symptoms is typically associated with prostate cancer?
Which of the following symptoms is typically associated with prostate cancer?
Which of the following is a sign of sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?
Which of the following is a sign of sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?
What could be a physical complaint indicating sexual abuse?
What could be a physical complaint indicating sexual abuse?
Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor associated with prostate cancer?
Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor associated with prostate cancer?
Which characteristic is TRUE regarding the onset of symptoms in prostate cancer?
Which characteristic is TRUE regarding the onset of symptoms in prostate cancer?
Which behavioral change may indicate possible sexual abuse in a child?
Which behavioral change may indicate possible sexual abuse in a child?
Which of the following symptoms is associated with syphilis?
Which of the following symptoms is associated with syphilis?
Which condition is not typically associated with symptoms of sexually transmitted infections?
Which condition is not typically associated with symptoms of sexually transmitted infections?
Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor for breast cancer?
Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor for breast cancer?
What is the significance of consuming alcohol related to breast cancer risk?
What is the significance of consuming alcohol related to breast cancer risk?
What is an example of a modifiable risk factor for breast cancer?
What is an example of a modifiable risk factor for breast cancer?
Which symptom is often associated with advanced breast cancer?
Which symptom is often associated with advanced breast cancer?
What condition is primarily caused by HPV?
What condition is primarily caused by HPV?
What defines nulliparity in terms of breast cancer risk factors?
What defines nulliparity in terms of breast cancer risk factors?
Which statement about menarche and menopause is true for breast cancer risk?
Which statement about menarche and menopause is true for breast cancer risk?
Which of these factors is considered a modifiable risk associated with breast cancer?
Which of these factors is considered a modifiable risk associated with breast cancer?
Flashcards
HPV Vaccines
HPV Vaccines
3 FDA-approved vaccines preventing lethal HPV forms linked to cervical cancer, recommended by CDC for 11-12 year olds up to age 26.
Breast Exam Timing
Breast Exam Timing
Breast exams are done when a patient has a complaint, focusing on breast and axilla for identification of unusual masses or skin changes.
Breast Exam Documenting
Breast Exam Documenting
Documenting a breast mass involves noting location, size, shape, consistency, tenderness, mobility, borders, and retractions.
Common Breast Problems
Common Breast Problems
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Mastitis Symptoms
Mastitis Symptoms
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Visible Signs of Infection/Cancer
Visible Signs of Infection/Cancer
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Nipple Retraction/Dimpling
Nipple Retraction/Dimpling
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Supernumerary Nipples
Supernumerary Nipples
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Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH)
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH)
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Menarche
Menarche
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Normal Menstrual Cycle
Normal Menstrual Cycle
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Menstrual flow
Menstrual flow
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Fibrocystic Breast Changes
Fibrocystic Breast Changes
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Fibroadenoma
Fibroadenoma
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Galactorrhea
Galactorrhea
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Gynecomastia
Gynecomastia
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Prostate Cancer
Prostate Cancer
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Prostate CA Symptoms
Prostate CA Symptoms
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Prostate Cancer Risk Factors (Non-Modifiable)
Prostate Cancer Risk Factors (Non-Modifiable)
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Prostate Cancer Risk Factors (Modifiable)
Prostate Cancer Risk Factors (Modifiable)
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Breast Cancer Risk Factors
Breast Cancer Risk Factors
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Breast Cancer Symptoms
Breast Cancer Symptoms
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Alcohol & Breast Cancer Risk
Alcohol & Breast Cancer Risk
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Cervical Cancer Cause
Cervical Cancer Cause
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Menopause Definition
Menopause Definition
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Menopause Average Age
Menopause Average Age
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Menopause FSH Changes
Menopause FSH Changes
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HRT Use in Menopause
HRT Use in Menopause
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HRT Risks
HRT Risks
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HRT Safety Considerations
HRT Safety Considerations
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Male Sexual Health Concerns
Male Sexual Health Concerns
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STI Signs (Male)
STI Signs (Male)
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STI Signs (Female)
STI Signs (Female)
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Signs of Sexual Abuse in Men
Signs of Sexual Abuse in Men
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Signs of Sexual Abuse (General)
Signs of Sexual Abuse (General)
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Study Notes
Breast, Prostate & Reproductive System
- The presentation covers breast, prostate, and reproductive cancers, along with statistics, risk factors, common conditions, and screening guidelines.
Cancer Statistics
- In 2016, an estimated 1,685,210 new cancer cases and 595,690 cancer deaths occurred in the U.S.
- On average, 4,620 new cancer cases and 1,630 deaths occur daily.
Leading Cancer Sites (2020 Estimates)
- Male: Prostate, lung, bronchus, colon and rectum, urinary bladder, melanoma of skin, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, oral cavity and pharynx, leukemia, and pancreas were the leading sites.
- Female: Breast, lung & bronchus, colon & rectum, uterine corpus, melanoma of the skin, kidney & renal pelvis, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, pancreas, and leukemia were the leading sites.
Breast Cancer
- Signs & Symptoms: Often asymptomatic, breast lump/pain, edema in affected arm, weight loss, and bone pain are common.
- Risk Factors (Non-Modifiable): Gender, age, family history (BRCA1/2), ethnicity, menarche before 12, and menopause after 55.
- Risk Factors (Modifiable): First pregnancy after 30, alcohol use, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), obesity, inactivity, and radiation exposure.
- Screening Guidelines: The American Cancer Society (ACS) recommends annual mammograms for women aged 40-44, yearly mammograms for 45-54, and every two years for 55 and older, with good health and expected to live 10 more years. Discussion with a physician is encouraged.
Cervical Cancer
- Screening: Cervical cancer testing should begin at age 21. Women aged 21-29 should get a Pap test every 3 years.
- HPV testing should be used in addition to Pap testing for women aged 30 to 65 every 5 years.
- For those over 65 with normal results in the last 10 years, testing is not required. If there has been a past serious pre-cancer diagnosis, testing should be continued for 20+ years after diagnosis.
Prostate Cancer
- Symptoms/Signs: Typically asymptomatic, urinary frequency, dysuria, hematuria, pain in the low back, hips, or thighs.
- Risk Factors (Non-Modifiable): Age, gender, race/ethnicity (common in Black men), family/personal history, and geography.
- Risk Factors (Modifiable): Smoking, diet, lifestyle, BMI, and occupation.
- Screening Guidelines: The ACS recommends discussion with a physician to weigh testing pros and cons starting at age 50 (45 for African Americans or those with a family history).
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH)
- A common condition in men.
- Not cancer-related.
- Symptoms: difficulty with urination, dribbling, incomplete bladder emptying, nocturia, weak stream, and incontinence.
Reproductive System
- Menarche: Average age of onset is 12, but normal range is 9-15. Earlier or later menarche deserves evaluation.
- Menstruation: Normal cycle typically happens every 21-35 days, with a flow lasting 3-7 days. If heavy flow is experienced frequently, this should be discussed with healthcare provider.
- Menopause: Cessation of menses for 12 months, without other explanations.. Average age of onset is 51.
- Other Considerations: Includes subjective factors like sexual history and practices, and health maintenance details.
- STIs (Sexually Transmitted Infections): Includes symptoms like ulcers, penile discharge, abdominal pain, and systemic symptoms.
- Sexual Abuse: Includes signs of physical and behavioral changes in regards to physical complaints and behavioral changes.
Additional Information
- Various types of breast cancer (such as mastitis, fibrocystic changes, fibroadenoma, galactorrhea, and gynecomastia) are detailed, along with their symptoms and causes.
- HPV is the primary cause of cervical cancer.
- There are FDA-approved vaccines to prevent HPV, typically recommended for children (11-12 years), to help prevent various cancers.
- The presentation includes diagrams and images to illustrate the concepts.
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Description
This quiz explores the critical aspects of breast, prostate, and reproductive system cancers. It covers key statistics, risk factors, common conditions, and the latest screening guidelines. Test your knowledge on leading cancer sites and their signs and symptoms.
