28 Questions
What is the most common cause of gynecomastia in adolescent boys?
Hormonal imbalance
What is the typical course of gynecomastia in adolescent boys?
75% of cases resolve within 2 years
What is the most common type of breast change in pre-pubescent females?
Premature thelarche
What is the most common cause of a breast lump in adults?
Fibroadenoma
What is the most common sign of inflammatory breast cancer?
Dimpled skin
Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of gynecomastia mentioned in the text?
Thyroid cancer
Which characteristic of a mass on a mammogram is most likely to indicate a benign lesion?
A circumscribed or well-defined border
What term is used to describe a mass with small, rounded projections along its border?
Microlobulated
Which of the following characteristics is most concerning for a malignant (cancerous) lesion?
A spiculated or irregular margin
Which type of mass is typically described as radiolucent and contains fat?
Lipoma
What term is used to describe a lesion with irregular or spiky edges, often likened to the appearance of a star?
Spiculated
Which of the following terms describes a border that is not clearly outlined or distinct from the surrounding tissue?
Indistinct or ill-defined
What is the treatment for polythelia (accessory nipple)?
Simple excision
Amastia and athelia refer to the absence of which anatomical structures?
Breast tissue and nipple
Which congenital disorder is characterized by missing or underdeveloped muscles on one side of the body, affecting the chest, shoulder, arm, and hand?
Poland syndrome
What is a potential consequence of correcting an inverted nipple for cosmetic purposes?
Inability to breastfeed
Which of the following is a characteristic of tuberous breasts?
Constricted breast base
What is the term used to describe a condition where there is extremely rapid breast growth during puberty?
Juvenile breast hypertrophy
What is the main purpose of a fine-needle aspiration (FNA) procedure?
To extract cells from a suspicious area for examination
What is the key difference between a fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and a core biopsy?
FNA uses a thinner needle and removes less tissue than a core biopsy
What is a key advantage of a vacuum-assisted core biopsy compared to other biopsy methods?
It can sample very small breast abnormalities (less than 5 mm)
According to the passage, what is a potential limitation of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) compared to core biopsy?
FNA removes less tissue for examination than a core biopsy
Which of the following is TRUE about calcifications in male breast cancer cases?
Calcifications are rare in male breast cancer cases
Which feature is often associated with malignant (cancerous) lesions in the breast?
Spiculated margins
What does an obscured margin in a breast lesion suggest?
The border of the lesion is not clearly visible, suggesting possible infiltration into surrounding tissue.
What is the significance of asymmetric density in breast imaging?
It occurs when one breast has a different size, volume, position, or form from the other.
What is the significance of a focal asymmetry in breast imaging?
It is a lesion seen on two mammographic views (both CC and MLO) with concave borders and lacking features of a true mass, requiring further sonographic evaluation and potentially percutaneous sampling.
Which statement about calcifications in the breast is correct?
Calcifications are deposits of calcium salts in the breast, which are radiopaque on mammography and often normal metabolic occurrences within the breast, usually benign.
Learn about the categorization of breast masses based on shape, margins, and radiographic density on mammograms. Discover the characteristics of radiolucent masses containing fat and the various types of benign appearing masses, including oil cysts and lipomas.
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