Breast Engorgement in Breastfeeding Mothers

Study Notes

Occurs when breasts become overly full with milk, leading to swelling, hardness, and discomfort
Typically happens in breastfeeding mothers, especially in the early days or with sudden changes in feeding frequency
Causes:
Increased milk production, especially in the first few days after birth
Infrequent nursing, leading to milk buildup
Inefficient milk removal due to poor latch or ineffective sucking
Sudden changes, such as skipping feedings or abrupt weaning
Symptoms:
Swollen, firm, and tender breasts
Skin may appear shiny and feel tight
Possible warmth or redness
Flattened nipples, making it difficult for the baby to latch on
Management and relief:
Frequent nursing (at least 8-12 times in 24 hours)
Proper latch to promote effective milk removal
Expressing milk to relieve pressure
Cold compresses between feedings to reduce swelling and discomfort
Warm compresses before feeding to help milk flow
Breast massage to help milk flow and relieve discomfort
Supportive bra to avoid constricting milk flow
Prevention:
Feed the baby frequently and on demand
Ensure proper breastfeeding techniques
Avoid skipping feedings and maintain a regular feeding schedule
Gradually wean the baby to avoid sudden changes in milk production

Occurs when milk flow is obstructed in one of the ducts, leading to localized pain and a firm lump in the breast
Causes:
Incomplete emptying of the breast during feedings
Infrequent nursing, leading to long intervals between feedings
Pressure on the breast, such as from tight bras or sleeping positions
Stress and fatigue, contributing to insufficient milk removal
Symptoms:
Painful, localized lump in the breast
Area around the lump may be red and feel warm to the touch
Discomfort that persists after feeding
Sometimes a white spot on the nipple, indicating a blocked duct at the nipple opening
Management and relief:
Frequent nursing on the affected side to help clear the blockage
Varying breastfeeding positions to help drain all areas of the breast
Breast massage to help clear the blockage
Warm compresses before nursing to help open the ducts
Pumping or hand expressing milk to ensure the breast is emptied
Rest and hydration to ensure sufficient milk removal
Avoiding tight clothing and underwired bras
Prevention:
Ensuring the baby is latching correctly and breastfeeding efficiently
Avoiding long gaps between feedings
Changing breastfeeding positions regularly
Ensuring complete emptying of the breast during each feeding
Wearing loose-fitting clothing and avoiding tight bras