Breast Cancer Awareness and Risk Factors

<p>They often return within the first few years after treatment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is positive for estrogen, progesterone, and HER2. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Women under 40 years of age. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hormone receptor-negative cancers tend to grow faster. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps identify suitable treatments targeting HER2. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presence of one or both estrogen or progesterone receptors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent cancer from growing and spreading (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary Radiation Therapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absence of estrogen and progesterone receptors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Balloon Catheter System (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fatigue and skin changes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Systemic Therapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Use of cytotoxic drugs to destroy cancer cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Verbalize acceptance of physical changes and engage in self-care activities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Encourage clients to ignore their pain during recovery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>What to expect during the surgery and post-operative care (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Be sensitive to the individual's need for and type of information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure adherence and management of therapy side effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To decrease the size of the primary tumor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased hair growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Menstrual history of early menarche (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cognitive disorientation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disturbed body image (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Estrogen receptor-positive cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nulliparity or late first full-term pregnancy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decisional conflict related to insufficient information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nausea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>History of benign breast disorders with atypical changes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It damages DNA and hinders the repair process. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Having a first-degree relative with breast cancer. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Orange-peel skin (Peau d’orange). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lumps less than 1 cm in diameter. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To confirm the diagnosis of a lesion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood-thinning agents. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regular mammograms and breast MRIs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperestrogenism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lumpectomy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Every 2 years. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Investigation of potential metastasis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radiation therapy is often used in conjunction with surgery. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure the patient feels no pain during the procedure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Skin color and presence of any unusual swelling. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Psychological, physical, and cosmetic needs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alicia Vianga (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Financial counseling services (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absence of a program providing breast prostheses in Toronto (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Handmade knitted blanket (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Canadian Cancer Society (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Breast prostheses and bras (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Front Closure Mastectomy Bra (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased alcohol intake (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smoking before age 17 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Raises the incidence of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Having a high body mass index (BMI) after menopause (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reducing alcohol consumption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are involved in inhibiting tumor development. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abnormal nipple discharge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can show lumps less than 1 cm in diameter. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Family history of ovarian cancer in first-degree relatives. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inspecting the incision site for signs of infection. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Keeping hormones from attaching to the receptors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Balloon catheter insertion with radioactive seeds is a common technique. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It stabilizes symptomatic metastatic lesions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent the spread of cancer after primary treatment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It destroys tumor cells that may have metastasized. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Severe hair loss on the scalp (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It focuses solely on hormone receptor-negative tumors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Less scar tissue and a more natural appearance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tissue flap procedures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tattooing with pigmented dye (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To stretch the skin and muscle for future implant placement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It indicates the need for hormone therapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Breast reconstruction post-mastectomy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps restore a natural appearance to the breast (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Having a family history of diabetes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Daily alcohol consumption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It raises the risk for at least twenty years after quitting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Delayed first pregnancy after age 30 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disruption of circadian rhythms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They inhibit tumor development when functioning normally. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood-stained nipple discharge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It damages DNA and hinders repair processes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can show lumps smaller than 1cm in diameter. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To assess and remove potentially cancerous lymph nodes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Breast cancer cells that have estrogen (ER) and/or progesterone (PR) receptors.

Breast cancer cells lacking estrogen and progesterone receptors.

Breast cancer cells lacking estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors.

A protein in breast cancer cells that estrogen attaches to to stimulate growth.

A protein in breast cancer cells that progesterone attaches to to stimulate growth.

A protein in some breast cancer cells that contributes to rapid growth.

Treatment for breast cancers with estrogen or progesterone receptors, lowering hormone levels or blocking receptors.

Breast cancer cells that are positive for estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors.

Alcohol breaks down into acetaldehyde, damaging DNA and hindering its repair, which can lead to uncontrolled cell growth.

Tumor suppressor genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) located on chromosomes 17 and 11 that prevent tumor development.

Excessive estrogen levels, a risk factor for breast cancer in men and AMAB individuals.

Having a first-degree relative with breast cancer increases the risk by 1.5-3 times, depending on the age.

X-ray procedure for breast cancer detection, recommended every 2 years for women aged 50-69 in Canada.

A procedure to remove breast tissue/fluid for examination, often used for biopsy confirmation.

A surgical procedure that tries to preserve the breast while removing cancerous tissue (lumpectomy).

Breast cancer surgery that removes the breast and surrounding axillary lymph nodes.

Removal of the entire breast and nipple, but not the lymph nodes, sometimes used for high-risk individuals.

Accumulation of lymph in soft tissues, potentially caused by breast cancer surgery or radiation.

Non-invasive imaging technique used to determine breast mass consistency (solid or fluid).

A tissue sample taken for examination to determine if cancerous.

Possible symptoms include nontender lumps, skin changes, nipple discharge, and pain.

Evaluating methods include physical exams, mammograms, biopsies, and imaging to diagnose breast cancer.

Monitoring for complications, pain management, and education about activities post-biopsy are important.

The overall aims for clients with breast cancer are: accepting physical changes, improving body image, promoting self-confidence and self-care, actively participating in treatment decisions, adhering to the therapeutic plan, managing therapy's side effects, and utilizing support from loved ones & healthcare providers.

Nursing interventions include reviewing treatment options, explaining the surgical process, educating about drains, arm/shoulder mobility, and exercises. Consent, NPO, pre-op pain management, turning, deep breathing, and coughing techniques are also important.

Open and honest communication is crucial for breast cancer clients. It involves providing realistic expectations, supporting their coping mechanisms, and connecting them with resources.

It's essential to be sensitive to the patient's specific information requirements and how they prefer to receive it.

Nurses provide support to clients struggling with the emotional challenges of cancer, including the uncertainty about the future.

Breast cancer where the cancer cells have estrogen receptors.

Breast cancer where the cancer cells have progesterone receptors.

Breast cancer where the cancer cells have either estrogen or progesterone receptors, or both.

Breast cancer where the cancer cells do not have estrogen or progesterone receptors.

Treatments given after the primary treatment for breast cancer to reduce the risk of recurrence.

Radiation therapy given as the initial treatment for breast cancer.

Use of drugs to kill cancer cells, often used in breast cancer treatment.

Radiation therapy to ease symptoms from advanced breast cancer.

A registered charity founded in 2013 by Alicia Vianga, providing support and resources to breast cancer survivors.

Kits provided by after BREAST CANCER (ABC) containing items like temporary breast prostheses, mastectomy bras, and other essentials for breast cancer survivors.

A lack of access to breast prostheses and bras for cancer survivors without insurance or financial means.

To provide breast prostheses and bras at no cost to financially challenged breast cancer survivors in Toronto.

They provide physical, psychological, and cosmetic support by offering practical items for post-surgery recovery and comfort.

They offer new and gently used bras and prostheses at no cost, specifically targeting individuals who are financially challenged.

Breast cancer survivors who can share their experiences and answer questions about expectations, surgery, and recovery.

https://www.afterbreastcancer.ca/

Chemotherapy given before surgery to shrink the tumor, potentially allowing for less invasive surgery.

Side effects of chemotherapy, often affecting the gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow, and hair follicles. Examples include nausea, fatigue, and hair loss.

Treatment that targets estrogen or progesterone receptors on breast cancer cells, aiming to slow down or stop tumor growth.

Drugs that prevent estrogen from attaching to cancer cells, inhibiting their growth. Tamoxifen is a common example.

A common antiestrogen drug used to treat early and advanced breast cancer, as well as preventing breast cancer in high-risk individuals.

Side effects of Tamoxifen can include hot flashes, mood swings, vaginal changes, and increased risk of blood clots, cataracts, stroke, and endometrial cancer.

Having a mother, sister, or other close relative diagnosed with breast cancer, especially at a young age, increases the risk of developing the disease.

Results from a breast screening mammogram that show potential abnormalities, raising concern for breast cancer.

Non-cancerous breast conditions that show some unusual features, increasing the risk for future breast cancer development.

High levels of stress can potentially increase the risk of developing breast cancer.

The risk of breast cancer increases significantly after age 50.

Starting periods before age 12 raises the risk of breast cancer.

Having your first pregnancy after age 30 or not having children at all increases breast cancer risk.

Starting menopause after age 55 is associated with a higher risk of breast cancer.

Having dense breast tissue makes it harder to detect breast cancer through mammograms.

Alcohol breaks down into acetaldehyde, a chemical that damages DNA and hinders its repair, increasing the risk of uncontrolled cell growth, which can lead to cancer.

A procedure where a lymph node that is most likely to receive cancer cells is removed and examined to check for cancer spread.

A device used to stretch skin and muscle before implants are inserted after mastectomy.

Reconstruction using tissue from other parts of the body, like the abdomen or back, to recreate the breast mound.

A procedure to restore the natural appearance of the reconstructed breast by creating a nipple and areola.

Testing breast cancer cells to see if they have estrogen or progesterone receptors, which can affect treatment.

Artificial replacements for the breast, placed under the pectoralis muscle to protect and cover them.

Breast removal surgery that preserves some of the breast skin for potential reconstruction.

Tissue taken from the patient's own body for reconstruction.

Treatments given after the primary breast cancer treatment (surgery, radiation) to reduce the risk of cancer returning.

Radiation given as the main initial treatment for breast cancer, often after surgery to kill remaining cancer cells.

Radiation therapy used for metastatic breast cancer to ease symptoms like bone pain or tumor pressure.

A disease where abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in breast tissue, forming a tumor that can spread to other parts of the body.

The risk of breast cancer increases significantly after age 50.

Having your first pregnancy after age 30 increases breast cancer risk.

Mammograms are X-rays of the breast that can detect small lumps or abnormalities. They are recommended every 2 years for women aged 50 to 69 in Canada.