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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the luminal cell layer in the breast?
What is the primary function of the luminal cell layer in the breast?
Which hormone is primarily responsible for breast development after menarche?
Which hormone is primarily responsible for breast development after menarche?
What is a common cause of galactorrhea?
What is a common cause of galactorrhea?
What happens to breast tissue after menopause?
What happens to breast tissue after menopause?
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Which of the following statements regarding breast tissue characteristics before puberty is accurate?
Which of the following statements regarding breast tissue characteristics before puberty is accurate?
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Study Notes
Breast Anatomy and Physiology
- Breasts are modified sweat glands, embryologically derived from the skin.
- Breast tissue can develop anywhere along the milk line (from axilla to vulva).
- The terminal duct lobular unit (TDLU) is the functional unit and produces milk, which drains via ducts to the nipple.
- Lobules and ducts are lined by two layers of epithelium:
- Luminal cell layer: inner layer, responsible for milk production.
- Myoepithelial cell layer: outer layer, responsible for contracting to move milk to the nipple.
- Breast tissue is hormone-sensitive.
- Before puberty, breast tissue consists mostly of large ducts under the nipple.
- After puberty, estrogen and progesterone stimulate lobule and duct development, with highest density in the upper outer quadrant.
- Breast tenderness is common during the premenstrual period.
- During pregnancy, lobules undergo hyperplasia (enlargement) due to hormones from the corpus luteum, fetus, and placenta.
- After menopause, breast tissue atrophies (shrinks).
- Milk production outside of lactation is called galactorrhea.
- Galactorrhea is not a symptom of breast cancer.
- Causes of galactorrhea may include nipple stimulation, prolactinoma (tumors in the pituitary gland), or medications.
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Description
This quiz explores the intricate structure and functions of breast anatomy and physiology. It covers key concepts such as the terminal duct lobular unit, hormonal influences on breast tissue, and changes occurring during puberty and pregnancy. Test your knowledge on the important aspects of breast health and development.
