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Questions and Answers
According to the text, what is the definition of pain?
According to the text, what is the definition of pain?
- Pain is only physical discomfort.
- Pain is solely based on the doctor's diagnosis.
- Pain is whatever the patient experiences as unpleasant.
- Pain is whatever the experiencing person says it is, existing whenever the experiencing person says it does. (correct)
What is the most frequent reason for palliative consultations?
What is the most frequent reason for palliative consultations?
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Constipation
- Agitation and Delirium
- Unrelieved pain (correct)
What is predictive for advanced cancer in the last 6 months, as mentioned in the text?
What is predictive for advanced cancer in the last 6 months, as mentioned in the text?
- Diarrhea
- HIV
- Neurodegenerative diseases (correct)
- Heart failure
What percentage of people experience pain in palliative care, as stated in the text?
What percentage of people experience pain in palliative care, as stated in the text?
What type of pain typically goes down to a specific dermatome and may be accompanied by sensitivity to touch?
What type of pain typically goes down to a specific dermatome and may be accompanied by sensitivity to touch?
What should be done to effectively assess and manage pain in patients with chronic illnesses?
What should be done to effectively assess and manage pain in patients with chronic illnesses?
Which assessment tool can be used for comprehensive pain assessment?
Which assessment tool can be used for comprehensive pain assessment?
What can new pain in patients with chronic illnesses indicate?
What can new pain in patients with chronic illnesses indicate?
What can sensitivity to touch indicate in the context of neuropathic pain?
What can sensitivity to touch indicate in the context of neuropathic pain?
What should be assessed regularly and addressed promptly in palliative care patients?
What should be assessed regularly and addressed promptly in palliative care patients?
What should pain assessment involve?
What should pain assessment involve?
What can the Canadian Problem Checklist be used to assess?
What can the Canadian Problem Checklist be used to assess?
Which type of pain can be described as aching, throbbing, cramping, sharp, stabbing, burning, tingling, crawling, itchy, or squeezing?
Which type of pain can be described as aching, throbbing, cramping, sharp, stabbing, burning, tingling, crawling, itchy, or squeezing?
Which aspect should be included in pain assessment?
Which aspect should be included in pain assessment?
What may Indigenous health services involve?
What may Indigenous health services involve?
What should be done to effectively manage common side effects in palliative care patients?
What should be done to effectively manage common side effects in palliative care patients?
What is the definition of pain according to the International Association for the Study of Pain?
What is the definition of pain according to the International Association for the Study of Pain?
According to the World Health Organization, what percentage of cancer patients could have their pain alleviated by following the treatment guidelines of the WHO analgesic ladder?
According to the World Health Organization, what percentage of cancer patients could have their pain alleviated by following the treatment guidelines of the WHO analgesic ladder?
What kind of pain is associated with organs and tissues from the endoderm, such as the stomach, bowel, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bladder?
What kind of pain is associated with organs and tissues from the endoderm, such as the stomach, bowel, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bladder?
Which type of pain is localized and described as sharp or burning and is associated with nervous tissue?
Which type of pain is localized and described as sharp or burning and is associated with nervous tissue?
What type of pain is an umbrella term for visceral and deep somatic pain?
What type of pain is an umbrella term for visceral and deep somatic pain?
How is deep somatic pain described?
How is deep somatic pain described?
When developing a pain management plan, what should be discussed with patients and their families?
When developing a pain management plan, what should be discussed with patients and their families?
What type of pain is associated with nerves and nerve plexuses?
What type of pain is associated with nerves and nerve plexuses?
What is the characteristic feature of incident pain?
What is the characteristic feature of incident pain?
How is incident pain managed?
How is incident pain managed?
Which medications are commonly used for managing breakthrough pain?
Which medications are commonly used for managing breakthrough pain?
What is the frequency of doses for managing breakthrough pain with fentanyl and sufentanil?
What is the frequency of doses for managing breakthrough pain with fentanyl and sufentanil?
What is the impact of pain on patients' lives, especially those with moderate to severe pain?
What is the impact of pain on patients' lives, especially those with moderate to severe pain?
What type of pain is characterized by well-localized, aching sensations?
What type of pain is characterized by well-localized, aching sensations?
What type of pain is constant or crampy and poorly localized?
What type of pain is constant or crampy and poorly localized?
What causes breakthrough pain in shingles patients?
What causes breakthrough pain in shingles patients?
How is neuropathic pain treated in shingles patients?
How is neuropathic pain treated in shingles patients?
What is the duration characteristic of chronic pain?
What is the duration characteristic of chronic pain?
What event characterizes acute pain?
What event characterizes acute pain?
What percentage of cancer patients experienced cancer-related pain according to the American Cancer Society survey?
What percentage of cancer patients experienced cancer-related pain according to the American Cancer Society survey?
Which organization recommends a stepwise approach to pain management known as the Pain Ladder?
Which organization recommends a stepwise approach to pain management known as the Pain Ladder?
What percentage of cancer pain is caused by the cancer itself?
What percentage of cancer pain is caused by the cancer itself?
According to the Saunders concept of total pain, what components are included in pain?
According to the Saunders concept of total pain, what components are included in pain?
What is a common barrier to effective pain management fueled by unfounded fears of addiction and dependence?
What is a common barrier to effective pain management fueled by unfounded fears of addiction and dependence?
Why is accurate assessment and diagnosis essential in pain management?
Why is accurate assessment and diagnosis essential in pain management?
What are common reasons for unrelieved pain according to the text?
What are common reasons for unrelieved pain according to the text?
What is important to educate healthcare providers and patients about according to the text?
What is important to educate healthcare providers and patients about according to the text?
What prevents effective pain management according to the text?
What prevents effective pain management according to the text?
According to the passage, which symptom do many people fear most after a diagnosis of advanced cancer?
According to the passage, which symptom do many people fear most after a diagnosis of advanced cancer?
What has been defined as 'whatever the experiencing person says it is, existing whenever the experiencing person says it does'?
What has been defined as 'whatever the experiencing person says it is, existing whenever the experiencing person says it does'?
Which type of therapy is mentioned as being used for cancer in the context of palliative care?
Which type of therapy is mentioned as being used for cancer in the context of palliative care?
What is predictive for advanced cancer in the last 6 months, as mentioned in the passage?
What is predictive for advanced cancer in the last 6 months, as mentioned in the passage?
What is the recommended approach to pain management according to the World Health Organization?
What is the recommended approach to pain management according to the World Health Organization?
What is the most common barrier to effective pain management as mentioned in the text?
What is the most common barrier to effective pain management as mentioned in the text?
What is considered the '5th vital sign' and is essential to assess and manage effectively?
What is considered the '5th vital sign' and is essential to assess and manage effectively?
What percentage of cancer pain is caused by the cancer itself?
What percentage of cancer pain is caused by the cancer itself?
What is a common belief that can be a reason for unrelieved pain?
What is a common belief that can be a reason for unrelieved pain?
What is the characteristic feature of incident pain?
What is the characteristic feature of incident pain?
What percentage of cancer patients experienced cancer-related pain according to the American Cancer Society survey?
What percentage of cancer patients experienced cancer-related pain according to the American Cancer Society survey?
What should be assessed regularly and addressed promptly in palliative care patients?
What should be assessed regularly and addressed promptly in palliative care patients?
What does opioidphobia refer to?
What does opioidphobia refer to?
What does the Saunders concept of total pain emphasize in comprehensive pain management?
What does the Saunders concept of total pain emphasize in comprehensive pain management?
'Pain in cancer patients can be caused by various factors, including tumor invasion of bone, nerves, and viscera.' What type of pain does this statement refer to?
'Pain in cancer patients can be caused by various factors, including tumor invasion of bone, nerves, and viscera.' What type of pain does this statement refer to?
'Pain assessment should be done prior to treatment to determine the cause, type, severity, and impact of pain.' What does this statement emphasize on in pain management?
'Pain assessment should be done prior to treatment to determine the cause, type, severity, and impact of pain.' What does this statement emphasize on in pain management?
What is the definition of pain according to the International Association for the Study of Pain?
What is the definition of pain according to the International Association for the Study of Pain?
Which organization recommends a stepwise approach to pain management known as the Pain Ladder?
Which organization recommends a stepwise approach to pain management known as the Pain Ladder?
What type of pain is associated with nerves and nerve plexuses?
What type of pain is associated with nerves and nerve plexuses?
What can sensitivity to touch indicate in the context of neuropathic pain?
What can sensitivity to touch indicate in the context of neuropathic pain?
What is predictive for advanced cancer in the last 6 months, as mentioned in the text?
What is predictive for advanced cancer in the last 6 months, as mentioned in the text?
What type of pain is constant or crampy and poorly localized?
What type of pain is constant or crampy and poorly localized?
What should be assessed regularly and addressed promptly in palliative care patients?
What should be assessed regularly and addressed promptly in palliative care patients?
What should be done to effectively assess and manage pain in patients with chronic illnesses?
What should be done to effectively assess and manage pain in patients with chronic illnesses?
How is incident pain managed?
How is incident pain managed?
What does the Canadian Problem Checklist assess?
What does the Canadian Problem Checklist assess?
What is important to educate healthcare providers and patients about according to the text?
What is important to educate healthcare providers and patients about according to the text?
What is the characteristic feature of end-of-dose failure?
What is the characteristic feature of end-of-dose failure?
What is the rapid onset short-acting analgesic commonly used for managing breakthrough pain?
What is the rapid onset short-acting analgesic commonly used for managing breakthrough pain?
What type of pain is characterized by aching, throbbing, cramping, sharp, stabbing, burning, tingling, crawling, itchy, or squeezing sensations?
What type of pain is characterized by aching, throbbing, cramping, sharp, stabbing, burning, tingling, crawling, itchy, or squeezing sensations?
What causes spontaneous breakthrough pain?
What causes spontaneous breakthrough pain?
Which aspect of pain should healthcare professionals assess regularly?
Which aspect of pain should healthcare professionals assess regularly?
What is the main cause of cancer pain according to the text?
What is the main cause of cancer pain according to the text?
What differentiates chronic pain from acute pain?
What differentiates chronic pain from acute pain?
What are antiviral medications given for in shingles outbreaks?
What are antiviral medications given for in shingles outbreaks?
What is the most common subtype of breakthrough pain in cancer patients?
What is the most common subtype of breakthrough pain in cancer patients?
What type of medication is commonly used for managing breakthrough pain?
What type of medication is commonly used for managing breakthrough pain?
What should healthcare professionals recommend for managing incident pain?
What should healthcare professionals recommend for managing incident pain?
What should healthcare professionals assess the impact of on patients' lives?
What should healthcare professionals assess the impact of on patients' lives?
What type of pain is typically associated with nerves and nerve plexuses?
What type of pain is typically associated with nerves and nerve plexuses?
Which assessment tool can be used for comprehensive pain assessment?
Which assessment tool can be used for comprehensive pain assessment?
What should pain assessment involve?
What should pain assessment involve?
Which type of pain can be described as aching, throbbing, cramping, sharp, stabbing, burning, tingling, crawling, itchy, or squeezing?
Which type of pain can be described as aching, throbbing, cramping, sharp, stabbing, burning, tingling, crawling, itchy, or squeezing?
What may Indigenous health services involve?
What may Indigenous health services involve?
What is the characteristic feature of incident pain?
What is the characteristic feature of incident pain?
According to the text, what is the definition of pain?
According to the text, what is the definition of pain?
What is important to educate healthcare providers and patients about according to the text?
What is important to educate healthcare providers and patients about according to the text?
What is predictive for advanced cancer in the last 6 months, as mentioned in the text?
What is predictive for advanced cancer in the last 6 months, as mentioned in the text?
What type of pain is constant or crampy and poorly localized?
What type of pain is constant or crampy and poorly localized?
What can sensitivity to touch indicate in the context of neuropathic pain?
What can sensitivity to touch indicate in the context of neuropathic pain?
According to the text, what percentage of cancer patients experienced cancer-related pain according to the American Cancer Society survey?
According to the text, what percentage of cancer patients experienced cancer-related pain according to the American Cancer Society survey?
What symptom is mentioned as one of the most frequent reasons for palliative consultations?
What symptom is mentioned as one of the most frequent reasons for palliative consultations?
What type of therapy is mentioned as being used for cancer in the context of palliative care?
What type of therapy is mentioned as being used for cancer in the context of palliative care?
What is predictive for advanced cancer in the last 6 months, as mentioned in the text?
What is predictive for advanced cancer in the last 6 months, as mentioned in the text?
What is the symptom many people fear most after a diagnosis of advanced cancer?
What is the symptom many people fear most after a diagnosis of advanced cancer?
What is the characteristic feature of incident pain?
What is the characteristic feature of incident pain?
Which type of pain is associated with organs and tissues from the endoderm, such as the stomach, bowel, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bladder?
Which type of pain is associated with organs and tissues from the endoderm, such as the stomach, bowel, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bladder?
What is the rapid onset short-acting analgesic commonly used for managing breakthrough pain?
What is the rapid onset short-acting analgesic commonly used for managing breakthrough pain?
What percentage of cancer patients experienced cancer-related pain according to the American Cancer Society survey?
What percentage of cancer patients experienced cancer-related pain according to the American Cancer Society survey?
What type of pain is characterized by aching, throbbing, cramping, sharp, stabbing, burning, tingling, crawling, itchy, or squeezing sensations?
What type of pain is characterized by aching, throbbing, cramping, sharp, stabbing, burning, tingling, crawling, itchy, or squeezing sensations?
What should pain assessment involve?
What should pain assessment involve?
What differentiates chronic pain from acute pain?
What differentiates chronic pain from acute pain?
What does opioidphobia refer to?
What does opioidphobia refer to?
What can sensitivity to touch indicate in the context of neuropathic pain?
What can sensitivity to touch indicate in the context of neuropathic pain?
What is a characteristic feature of neuropathic pain?
What is a characteristic feature of neuropathic pain?
What is the primary purpose of pain assessment according to the text?
What is the primary purpose of pain assessment according to the text?
Which pain rating scales are mentioned in the passage as effective for assessing pain?
Which pain rating scales are mentioned in the passage as effective for assessing pain?
What can be used for comprehensive pain assessment?
What can be used for comprehensive pain assessment?
Which common side effects should be assessed regularly and addressed promptly in palliative care patients?
Which common side effects should be assessed regularly and addressed promptly in palliative care patients?
What may Indigenous health services involve?
What may Indigenous health services involve?
What may sensitivity to touch indicate in the context of neuropathic pain?
What may sensitivity to touch indicate in the context of neuropathic pain?
What is a common barrier to effective pain management as mentioned in the text?
What is a common barrier to effective pain management as mentioned in the text?
What does the Canadian Problem Checklist assess?
What does the Canadian Problem Checklist assess?
What is the definition of pain according to the International Association for the Study of Pain?
What is the definition of pain according to the International Association for the Study of Pain?
What is predictive for advanced cancer in the last 6 months, as mentioned in the text?
What is predictive for advanced cancer in the last 6 months, as mentioned in the text?
What type of pain can be described as aching, throbbing, burning, or tingling sensations?
What type of pain can be described as aching, throbbing, burning, or tingling sensations?
What is considered the '5th vital sign' and is essential to assess and manage effectively?
What is considered the '5th vital sign' and is essential to assess and manage effectively?
What is the main cause of cancer pain according to the text?
What is the main cause of cancer pain according to the text?
What is the characteristic feature of incident pain?
What is the characteristic feature of incident pain?
What does opioidphobia refer to?
What does opioidphobia refer to?
What does the Saunders concept of total pain emphasize?
What does the Saunders concept of total pain emphasize?
What is predictive for advanced cancer in the last 6 months, as mentioned in the text?
What is predictive for advanced cancer in the last 6 months, as mentioned in the text?
What are common reasons for unrelieved pain according to the text?
What are common reasons for unrelieved pain according to the text?
'Pain assessment should be done prior to treatment to determine the cause, type, severity, and impact of pain.' What does this statement emphasize on in pain management?
'Pain assessment should be done prior to treatment to determine the cause, type, severity, and impact of pain.' What does this statement emphasize on in pain management?
'Pain is not only physical but also includes intellectual, emotional, interpersonal, financial, and spiritual components.' What does this statement emphasize on in pain management?
'Pain is not only physical but also includes intellectual, emotional, interpersonal, financial, and spiritual components.' What does this statement emphasize on in pain management?
What is important to educate healthcare providers and patients about according to the text?
What is important to educate healthcare providers and patients about according to the text?
What can sensitivity to touch indicate in the context of neuropathic pain?
What can sensitivity to touch indicate in the context of neuropathic pain?
How is deep somatic pain described?
How is deep somatic pain described?
What is the umbrella term for visceral and deep somatic pain?
What is the umbrella term for visceral and deep somatic pain?
What type of pain is associated with nerves and nerve plexuses?
What type of pain is associated with nerves and nerve plexuses?
What is the characteristic feature of nociceptive and neuropathic pain?
What is the characteristic feature of nociceptive and neuropathic pain?
What can investigations, such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI, be used for in pain management?
What can investigations, such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI, be used for in pain management?
What is the role of ongoing reassessment in effective pain management?
What is the role of ongoing reassessment in effective pain management?
'Pain can be intermittent or continuous and can be localized or multifocal.' What does this statement emphasize in pain assessment?
'Pain can be intermittent or continuous and can be localized or multifocal.' What does this statement emphasize in pain assessment?
'Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage.' What does this definition emphasize?
'Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage.' What does this definition emphasize?
'Goals of care, hopes, and expectations should be discussed with patients and their families when developing a pain management plan.' Why is this important?
'Goals of care, hopes, and expectations should be discussed with patients and their families when developing a pain management plan.' Why is this important?
What are the options for managing pain mentioned in the text?
What are the options for managing pain mentioned in the text?
What is important to assess regularly in palliative care patients according to the text?
What is important to assess regularly in palliative care patients according to the text?
Study Notes
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The American Cancer Society conducted a survey to understand the impact of pain on cancer patients and found that 65% experienced cancer-related pain, with 76% rating it as moderate to severe, but only 58% reported being asked about their pain during clinical visits (Cancer J Clin 59:285-289, 2009).
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Pain in cancer patients can be caused by various factors, including tumor invasion of bone, nerves, and viscera, and tumor involvement of blood vessels. About 75% of cancer pain is caused by the cancer itself, while 10% is related to cancer therapy and 10% to cancer-induced debility (Table 4.5).
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Pain is considered the "5th vital sign" and is essential to assess and manage effectively. The World Health Organization (WHO) Pain Ladder recommends a stepwise approach to pain management, starting with non-opioids and gradually increasing the use of opioids and interventional pain therapies.
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Pain is not only physical but also includes intellectual, emotional, interpersonal, financial, and spiritual components. The Saunders concept of total pain emphasizes the importance of addressing all these domains to provide comprehensive pain management.
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Common reasons for unrelieved pain include patient or family beliefs that pain is inevitable and untreatable, failure to contact healthcare providers, and lack of knowledge about pain management.
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Opioidphobia, or fear of using opioids, is a common barrier to effective pain management. It is fueled by unfounded fears of addiction and dependence, and can be addressed through education, open communication, and consultation with pain specialists.
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Pain assessment should be done prior to treatment to determine the cause, type, severity, and impact of pain. Accurate assessment and diagnosis are essential to plan appropriate interventions and improve overall quality of life.
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Myths about morphine, such as addiction and respiratory depression, can prevent effective pain management. It is important to educate healthcare providers and patients about the benefits and risks of morphine and other opioids, and to develop individualized pain management plans.
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Barriers to optimal pain assessment include poor assessment techniques, lack of knowledge and training, and fear of addiction and adverse effects. Addressing these barriers requires a multidisciplinary approach and ongoing education and training for healthcare providers.
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Patients with chronic illnesses like arthritis may have additional pain, and new pain could indicate new disease or recurrence.
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Indigenous health services may involve traditional herbs and consulting with spiritual teams.
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Neuropathic pain, a type of pain, typically goes down to a specific dermatome and may be accompanied by sensitivity to touch.
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Pain assessment requires understanding cultural traditions, customs, beliefs, and values to effectively assess and manage pain.
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Neuropathic pain can be described as aching, throbbing, cramping, sharp, stabbing, burning, tingling, crawling, itchy, or squeezing, and sensitivity to touch could indicate allodynia.
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Pain assessment should include the location, duration, and severity of pain.
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Various pain rating scales, such as the NRS, VAS, and Wong-Baker FACES pain rating scale, can be used for assessing pain effectively.
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The Edmonton Symptom Assessment System Revised (ESAS-R) can be used for comprehensive pain assessment.
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Common side effects in palliative care patients include tiredness, anxiety, and pain, which should be assessed regularly and addressed promptly.
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Pain assessment should be done through open communication with patients and their families as well as healthcare professionals.
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The Canadian Problem Checklist can be used to assess a range of issues beyond pain.
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A patient discussed the importance of managing pain to maintain a good quality of life. (Example of a personal experience)
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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), up to 90% of cancer patients could have their pain alleviated by following the treatment guidelines of the WHO analgesic ladder. (Fact about cancer pain management)
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Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. (Definition of pain from the International Association for the Study of Pain)
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The prevalence of pain in advanced illnesses, such as cancer, is high, with many patients experiencing multiple pains with various causes. (Fact about prevalence of pain)
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Pain is a multidimensional construct, and its assessment involves a thorough history and physical examination, including a neuro exam. (Approach to pain control)
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Goals of care, hopes, and expectations should be discussed with patients and their families when developing a pain management plan. (Importance of patient and family involvement)
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Investigations, such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI, can be used to determine the cause and severity of pain and guide treatment options. (Role of investigations)
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Treatment options for pain include pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, such as radiotherapy and interventional analgesia. (Treatment options)
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Ongoing reassessment and review of options, goals, and expectations are essential in effective pain management. (Importance of ongoing assessment)
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Pain can be classified based on its duration, cause, connections, and location. (Classification of pain)
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Visceral pain refers to pain related to organs and tissues from the endoderm, such as the stomach, bowel, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bladder. (Description of visceral pain)
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Deep somatic pain is localized and described as dull and aching and is associated with bones, muscles, ligaments, and fascia. (Description of deep somatic pain)
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Cutaneous pain is localized and described as sharp or burning and is associated with nervous tissue. (Description of cutaneous pain)
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Nociceptive pain is an umbrella term for visceral and deep somatic pain, while neuropathic pain is associated with nerves and nerve plexuses. (Description of nociceptive and neuropathic pain)
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Pain can be intermittent or continuous and can be localized or multifocal. (Description of pain characteristics)
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