Break-Even Point Calculation

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Questions and Answers

A company has fixed costs of £8000, a selling price of £20 per unit, and variable costs of £10 per unit. What is the break-even point in units?

  • 1200 units
  • 400 units
  • 600 units
  • 800 units (correct)

A business calculates its break-even point to be 500 units. If they sell 650 units, what does the additional 150 units represent?

  • Fixed costs
  • Net Loss
  • Margin of safety (correct)
  • Variable costs

What does the break-even point signify for a business?

  • The level of output where total revenue exceeds total costs.
  • The level of output where total costs exceed total revenue.
  • The level of output where total costs equal total revenue. (correct)
  • The optimal production level for maximizing profit.

If a company's break-even point is 200 units and they are currently selling 150 units, what action should they consider to reach profitability?

<p>Increase selling price or decrease variable costs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following changes would decrease the break-even point?

<p>A decrease in fixed costs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of break-even analysis for a business?

<p>To determine the level of output needed to cover all costs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A small bakery has fixed costs of £2,000 per month. Each cake sells for £25, and the variable costs to make a cake are £10. How many cakes must the bakery sell each month to break even?

<p>133 cakes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a business lowers its variable costs per unit, what is the likely impact on the break-even point, assuming all other factors remain constant?

<p>The break-even point will decrease. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company's break-even point is significantly higher than its current sales volume. Which of the following strategies would be most effective in addressing this issue?

<p>Reduce fixed costs and increase the selling price. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company is operating above its break-even point. What does this indicate about the company's financial status?

<p>The company is making a profit. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the break-even point in units?

<p>Fixed Costs / (Selling Price - Variable Costs) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a fixed cost that would be included in break-even analysis?

<p>Rent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A business has a break-even point of 1,000 units. If fixed costs increase but the selling price and variable costs remain constant, what will happen to the break-even point?

<p>It will increase. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company sells a product for £50 per unit with variable costs of £30 per unit. If the company's fixed costs are £10,000, what is the break-even point in units?

<p>500 units (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following strategies would NOT help a business lower its break-even point?

<p>Increasing advertising spending to boost sales volume. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a break-even chart visually represent the break-even point?

<p>As the intersection of the total revenue and total cost curves. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Variable costs increase from £5 to £7 per unit, while fixed costs and selling price remain constant. What is the likely effect on the Break Even Point?

<p>It will increase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A new business is deciding whether to invest in a marketing campaign. How could break-even analysis assist in making this decision?

<p>By calculating the new BEP, and whether the increase in sales justifies the increase in fixed costs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A business has the following financials. Fixed Costs: £5000. Variable costs per unit: £5. Selling price per unit: £10. The business sells 750 units. What is the profit or loss?

<p>Loss of £1250 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a limitation of break-even analysis?

<p>Assumes that cost and revenue relationships are linear (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Break-even Point (BEP)

The production level where total revenue equals total costs, resulting in neither profit nor loss.

Fixed Costs

Expenses that remain constant regardless of the level of production (e.g., rent).

Variable Costs

Expenses that change directly with the level of production (e.g., raw materials).

Selling Price

The price at which a product or service is sold to customers.

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Break-even Formula

Fixed Costs ÷ (Selling Price per Unit − Variable Costs per Unit)

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Break-even Graph

A visual representation showing total costs and total revenue at different levels of output.

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Study Notes

Break-Even Point

  • Break-even occurs when a business's revenue equals its total costs.
  • At the break-even point (BEP), a business experiences neither profit nor loss.
  • The break-even level of output indicates the quantity of products a business must sell to reach the BEP.

Break-Even Calculation

  • The formula to calculate break-even is: Fixed Costs ÷ (Selling Price − Variable Costs)
  • The result of the calculation represents the number of products a business needs to sell to break even.
  • The calculation in the brackets (Selling Price − Variable Costs) must be completed first.

Example Calculation

  • A T-shirt business has fixed costs of £400.
  • Each T-shirt sells for £10.
  • The variable cost per T-shirt is £6.
  • Calculation: £400 ÷ (£10 − £6) = £400 ÷ £4 = 100
  • The business breaks even when it sells 100 T-shirts.

Complex Scenarios

  • If the break-even point is not a whole number, the business needs to sell an additional item to break even.
  • For example: £401 ÷ (£10 − £6) = £401 ÷ £4 = 100.25 T-shirts
  • In this case, the business must sell 101 T-shirts to break even.

Definitions

  • Fixed costs: Expenses that remain constant regardless of output (e.g., rent).
  • Variable costs: Expenses that change directly with output (e.g., raw materials).

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