Branchial Cysts and Fistulas Quiz
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Questions and Answers

From which of the following embryonic structures do the laryngeal cartilages and connective tissue in the head region originate?

  • Ectodermal placodes cells
  • Neural crest cells
  • Lateral plate mesoderm (correct)
  • Paraxial mesoderm
  • What is the primary origin of the mesenchyme for the formation of the base and flat bones of the skull?

  • Paraxial mesoderm (correct)
  • Neural crest cells
  • Lateral plate mesoderm
  • Ectodermal placodes cells
  • Which embryonic structure contributes to the formation of all voluntary muscles of the craniofacial region?

  • Neural crest cells
  • Paraxial mesoderm (correct)
  • Ectodermal placodes cells
  • Lateral plate mesoderm
  • Where do the ectodermal placodes cells, together with the neural crest, form neurons of the fifth, seventh, ninth, and tenth cranial sensory ganglia?

    <p>Ectodermal placodes cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which embryonic structure forms mid facial and pharyngeal arch skeletal structures and all other tissues in these regions?

    <p>Neural crest cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What embryonic structure contributes to the formation of dermis and connective tissues in the dorsal region of the head?

    <p>Paraxial mesoderm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During neurulation, what structure forms the neural groove?

    <p>Neural plate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the narrow caudal portion of the closed tubular structure in the central nervous system called?

    <p>Neural tube (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the lens vesicle in the developing eye?

    <p>Surface ectoderm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the ear originates from the otic vesicle?

    <p>Saccule and cochlear duct (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what stage does the optic cup become a round opening, the future pupil?

    <p>7th week (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When do the lateral edges of the neural plate form neural folds?

    <p>3rd week (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the ear develops from the 1st pharyngeal cleft?

    <p>External auditory meatus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During neurulation, what allows communication with the amniotic cavity before closure?

    <p>Caudal neuropore (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the ear is derived from the 1st pharyngeal pouch?

    <p>Tympanic cavity and auditory tube (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure forms outpocketings of the forebrain during eye development?

    <p>Optic vesicle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During neurulation, what structure gradually expands toward the primitive streak?

    <p>Neural plate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What allows the hyaloid artery to reach the inner chamber of the developing eye?

    <p>Choroid fissure invagination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which embryonic structure forms the initial shape of the neural plate?

    <p>Neuroectoderm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which craniofacial defect involves a malformation of the conotruncal endocardial cushion?

    <p>DiGeorge anomaly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the thyroid gland initially appear as an epithelial proliferation?

    <p>The foramen cecum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marks the development of the epiglottis and is supplied by the superior laryngeal nerve?

    <p>Mesoderm of the 4th pharyngeal arch (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What facial prominence gives rise to the bridge of the nose?

    <p>Fronto nasal prominence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which prominences form the sides (alae) of the nose?

    <p>Maxillary prominences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component forms the philtrum and upper lip during facial development?

    <p>Labial component (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results from a lack of fusion of the palatine shelves during development?

    <p>Cleft palate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which embryonic defect results in abnormal facial appearance and defective speech?

    <p>Treacher Collins syndrome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the formation of craniofacial defects such as persistence trunk arteriosus and tetralogy of Fallot?

    <p>Mandibular prominences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the formation of craniofacial defects such as transposition of the great vessels?

    <p>Lateral nasal prominences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve is responsible for the nerve supply of the muscles of mastication in the 1st pharyngeal arch?

    <p>Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure arises from the mesenchyme of the maxillary process in the 1st pharyngeal arch?

    <p>Premaxilla and maxilla (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve supplies the muscles of facial expression in the 2nd pharyngeal arch?

    <p>Facial nerve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the cartilage of the 3rd pharyngeal arch produce?

    <p>Lower part of the body and greater horn of the hyoid bone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve innervates the muscles of the 3rd pharyngeal arch?

    <p>Glossopharyngeal nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the cartilaginous components of the 4th and 6th pharyngeal arches fuse to form?

    <p>Laryngeal cartilages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve innervates the muscles of the 4th pharyngeal arch?

    <p>Superior laryngeal nerve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed by the 1st pharyngeal pouch?

    <p>Primitive tympanic cavity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which glands lose their connection with the pharyngeal wall during development?

    <p>Superior parathyroid and thymus glands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure arises from the epithelial lining of the 4th pharyngeal pouch?

    <p>Superior parathyroid gland (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From which pharyngeal cleft does the external auditory meatus arise?

    <p>1st cleft (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed by active proliferation of mesenchymal tissue in the 2nd arch?

    <p>Palatine tonsil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do birth defects involving the pharyngeal region often lead to?

    <p>Ectopic parathyroid gland (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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