Branches of Science

Study Notes

Natural Sciences:
- Biology: study of living organisms and their interactions
- Chemistry: study of properties, composition, and reactions of matter
- Physics: study of the physical universe, including energy and matter
Formal Sciences:
- Mathematics: study of numbers, quantities, and shapes
- Logic: study of reasoning and argumentation
Applied Sciences:
- Engineering: application of scientific knowledge to design and build structures, machines, and systems
- Technology: application of scientific knowledge to create products and services

Theory of Evolution: all living organisms share a common ancestor and have evolved over time through natural selection and genetic drift
Law of Gravity: every point mass attracts every other point mass by a force acting along the line intersecting both points
Law of Thermodynamics: energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another

Scientific Method: a systematic process used to develop and test scientific knowledge, including observation, hypothesis, experimentation, and conclusion
Microscope: a tool used to magnify and observe microorganisms and small structures
Telescope: a tool used to observe and study celestial objects and events

Isaac Newton: developed the laws of motion and universal gravitation
Charles Darwin: proposed the theory of evolution through natural selection
Marie Curie: discovered the elements polonium and radium, and pioneered the use of X-rays in medicine

Cell Theory: all living organisms are composed of cells, which are the basic units of life
Atomic Theory: matter is composed of tiny indivisible particles called atoms
Conservation of Energy: energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another

Natural Sciences encompass the study of living organisms and their interactions (Biology), properties, composition, and reactions of matter (Chemistry), and the physical universe, including energy and matter (Physics).
Formal Sciences comprise the study of numbers, quantities, and shapes (Mathematics), and reasoning and argumentation (Logic).
Applied Sciences involve the application of scientific knowledge to design and build structures, machines, and systems (Engineering), and create products and services (Technology).

Theory of Evolution proposes that all living organisms share a common ancestor and have evolved over time through natural selection and genetic drift.
Law of Gravity states that every point mass attracts every other point mass by a force acting along the line intersecting both points.
Law of Thermodynamics asserts that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another.

Scientific Method involves a systematic process of observation, hypothesis, experimentation, and conclusion to develop and test scientific knowledge.
Microscope is a tool used to magnify and observe microorganisms and small structures.
Telescope is a tool used to observe and study celestial objects and events.

Isaac Newton developed the laws of motion and universal gravitation.
Charles Darwin proposed the theory of evolution through natural selection.
Marie Curie discovered the elements polonium and radium, and pioneered the use of X-rays in medicine.

Cell Theory states that all living organisms are composed of cells, which are the basic units of life.
Atomic Theory postulates that matter is composed of tiny indivisible particles called atoms.
Conservation of Energy principle asserts that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another.