Branches of Science

Branches of Science

• Natural Sciences:
  • Biology: study of living organisms and their interactions
  • Chemistry: study of the composition, properties, and reactions of matter
  • Physics: study of the natural world around us, including matter, energy, and the fundamental laws of the universe
• Formal Sciences:
  • Mathematics: study of numbers, quantities, and shapes
  • Logic: study of reasoning, arguments, and inference
• Applied Sciences:
  • Engineering: application of scientific knowledge to design, build, and maintain structures, machines, and systems
  • Medicine: application of scientific knowledge to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases

Scientific Method

1. Observation: making observations about the world around us
2. Hypothesis: forming a hypothesis to explain the observations
3. Prediction: making predictions based on the hypothesis
4. Experiment: designing and conducting experiments to test the hypothesis
5. Analysis: analyzing the data collected from the experiment
6. Conclusion: drawing conclusions based on the analysis

Scientific Theories

• A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation for a set of phenomena
• Theories are developed through the scientific method and are supported by a large body of evidence
• Examples of scientific theories:
  • Gravity
  • Evolution
  • Atomic structure

Scientific Tools and Techniques

• Measurement: using instruments to measure physical quantities such as length, mass, and time
• Microscopy: using microscopes to observe and study microorganisms and cells
• Chromatography: separating and identifying the components of a mixture
• Spectroscopy: studying the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation

Branches of Science

• Natural Sciences involve the study of natural phenomena
  • Biology: living organisms and their interactions
  • Chemistry: composition, properties, and reactions of matter
  • Physics: natural world, matter, energy, and fundamental laws of the universe

Formal Sciences

• Mathematics: study of numbers, quantities, and shapes
• Logic: reasoning, arguments, and inference

Applied Sciences

• Engineering: applying scientific knowledge to design, build, and maintain structures, machines, and systems
• Medicine: applying scientific knowledge to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases

Scientific Method

• Observation: making observations about the world around us
• Hypothesis: forming a hypothesis to explain the observations
• Prediction: making predictions based on the hypothesis
• Experiment: designing and conducting experiments to test the hypothesis
• Analysis: analyzing the data collected from the experiment
• Conclusion: drawing conclusions based on the analysis

Scientific Theories

• A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation for a set of phenomena
• Theories are developed through the scientific method and are supported by a large body of evidence
• Examples of scientific theories: Gravity, Evolution, Atomic structure

Scientific Tools and Techniques

• Measurement: using instruments to measure physical quantities such as length, mass, and time
• Microscopy: using microscopes to observe and study microorganisms and cells
• Chromatography: separating and identifying the components of a mixture
• Spectroscopy: studying the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation

Explore the different categories of science, including natural sciences, formal sciences, and applied sciences. Learn about the focuses of each branch and their areas of study.