Branches of Chemistry

Branches of Chemistry

• Inorganic Chemistry: Study of inorganic compounds, such as minerals and salts.
• Organic Chemistry: Study of organic compounds, such as carbon-based compounds.
• Physical Chemistry: Study of the physical properties and behavior of matter at the molecular and atomic level.
• Analytical Chemistry: Study of the analysis and identification of the chemical composition of substances.
• Biochemistry: Study of the chemical processes that occur within living organisms.

Atomic Structure

• Atoms: The building blocks of matter, consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
• Protons: Positively charged particles that reside in the nucleus.
• Neutrons: Particles with no charge that reside in the nucleus.
• Electrons: Negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus.

Chemical Bonding

• Chemical Bond: A force that holds atoms together.
• Covalent Bond: A bond formed by sharing electrons between atoms.
• Ionic Bond: A bond formed by the transfer of electrons between atoms.
• Hydrogen Bond: A weak bond formed between atoms with a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom.

Chemical Reactions

• Chemical Reaction: A process in which one or more substances are converted into new substances.
• Reactants: The substances that undergo a chemical change.
• Products: The substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction.
• Activation Energy: The minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.

Stoichiometry

• Mole (mol): A unit of measurement in chemistry, equal to 6.022 x 10^23 particles.
• Molar Mass: The mass of one mole of a substance.
• Empirical Formula: The simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound.
• Molecular Formula: The actual number of atoms in a molecule.

Branches of Chemistry

• Inorganic Chemistry studies inorganic compounds, such as minerals and salts.
• Organic Chemistry studies organic compounds, such as carbon-based compounds.
• Physical Chemistry studies physical properties and behavior of matter at molecular and atomic level.
• Analytical Chemistry studies analysis and identification of chemical composition of substances.
• Biochemistry studies chemical processes occurring within living organisms.

Atomic Structure

• Atoms are the building blocks of matter, consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
• Protons are positively charged particles residing in the nucleus.
• Neutrons are particles with no charge residing in the nucleus.
• Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting the nucleus.

Chemical Bonding

• A chemical bond is a force that holds atoms together.
• Covalent Bond is a bond formed by sharing electrons between atoms.
• Ionic Bond is a bond formed by the transfer of electrons between atoms.
• Hydrogen Bond is a weak bond formed between atoms with a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom.

Chemical Reactions

• A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances are converted into new substances.
• Reactants are the substances that undergo a chemical change.
• Products are the substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction.
• Activation Energy is the minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.

Stoichiometry

• A mole (mol) is a unit of measurement in chemistry, equal to 6.022 x 10^23 particles.
• Molar Mass is the mass of one mole of a substance.
• Empirical Formula is the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound.
• Molecular Formula is the actual number of atoms in a molecule.

Learn about the different fields of chemistry, including inorganic, organic, physical, analytical, and biochemistry.