Brain Structure and Functions

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of converging operations in research?

  • To validate results through multiple methods (correct)
  • To define operational terms
  • To eliminate experimenter bias
  • To minimize the placebo effect

According to the modern approach, what is the relationship between the mind and the body?

  • The body and mind are separate entities
  • The mind is a result of neurological activities in the brain (correct)
  • The mind controls the body
  • The body influences the mind

What is the function of the cerebellum in the brain?

  • Regulation of heart rate
  • Control of fine motor skills (correct)
  • Storage of memories
  • Processing of visual information

What is the term for when participants in an experiment try to fit their behavior to the researcher's hypothesis?

<p>Demand characteristics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the medulla in the brain?

<p>Coordination of heart rate and breathing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of converting light into neural signals called?

<p>Phototransduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells are responsible for gathering information from photoreceptors and sending it via the optic nerve?

<p>Ganglion Cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the decrease in sensitivity to a constant stimulus over time?

<p>Sensory Adaptation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the retina is responsible for central vision and fine detail?

<p>Fovea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the theory that proposes three different types of cones sensitive to different wavelengths of light?

<p>Trichromatic color theory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Tectum?

<p>Control of visual processing and eye movement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is involved in the regulation of intentional movement?

<p>Basal Ganglia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Pons?

<p>Acting as a bridge between the cerebellum and other parts of the brain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Somatosensory Cortex?

<p>Processing of sensory information from the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is responsible for encoding memory?

<p>Hippocampus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the pairing of a neutral stimulus with an unconditional stimulus to elicit a conditioned response?

<p>Classical conditioning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the response of an organism to an unconditional stimulus?

<p>Unconditional response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a stimulus that does not naturally elicit a response?

<p>Neutral stimulus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of learning involves associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditional stimulus?

<p>Classical conditioning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of learning through association between a neutral stimulus and an unconditional stimulus?

<p>Classical conditioning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main limitation of psychological research due to WEIRD societies?

<p>It leads to biased and generalized findings across all people (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area of psychology deals with how people interact with each other?

<p>Social psychology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Scientific Method in psychological research?

<p>To minimize biases and ensure objectivity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the tendency to believe that an event was predictable or obvious after it has occurred?

<p>Hindsight bias (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a hypothesis in the Scientific Method?

<p>To test a theory through experimentation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for when a conditional stimulus no longer causes a response?

<p>Extinction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of conditioning is based on a reward/punishment system?

<p>Operant Conditioning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of modifying behavior through reinforcement or punishment?

<p>Shaping (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the phenomenon where an organism responds to a stimuli that is similar to a conditioned stimulus?

<p>Generalization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of learning through the association between a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus?

<p>Classical Conditioning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary contribution of the case study of Phineas Gage to the field of psychology?

<p>Linking the frontal lobes with decision making and behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with founding the first psychology laboratory in Germany?

<p>Wilhelm Wundt (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the functionalism approach in psychology?

<p>Studying the purpose and function of mental processes and behaviors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which approach in psychology is criticized for its focus on internal perception, which is difficult to measure objectively?

<p>Structuralism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the cognitive psychology approach?

<p>Examining internal processes in a scientific and measurable way (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is associated with the development of the functionalism approach in psychology?

<p>William James (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between structuralism and functionalism approaches in psychology?

<p>Focus on breaking down elements vs. studying purpose and function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary contribution of Wilhelm Wundt to the field of psychology?

<p>Founding the first psychology laboratory in Germany (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is associated with the development of the structuralism approach in psychology?

<p>Edward Titchener (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the behavioral approach in psychology?

<p>Focusing on observable behaviors since they can be measured (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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