Brain Plasticity & Neuronal Compensation

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Questions and Answers

Which protein is responsible for the weakening of neighboring synapses when one synapse strengthens?

  • Protein Z
  • Protein Arc (correct)
  • Protein Y
  • Protein X

What did the researchers at the Picower Institute for Learning and Memory at MIT demonstrate in their study?

  • How the brain can change direction like a school of fish
  • How neurons compensate when some connections strengthen
  • How synapses strengthen and weaken in neurons (correct)
  • How synapses forge new connections with other neurons

According to Mriganka Sur, what is the relationship between collective behaviors of complex systems and simple rules?

  • They have no relationship
  • They always have complex rules
  • They always have simple rules (correct)
  • They have a complex relationship

Which technique did the researchers use to activate plasticity in the visual cortex of mice?

<p>Changing the receptive field of a neuron (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the technique used to genetically engineer the neurons in the mouse's visual cortex?

<p>Optogenetics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the researchers observe when they reopened the previously closed eye of the mouse?

<p>Synapses related to the closed eye strengthened (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the protein Arc in synaptic plasticity?

<p>To maintain a balance of synaptic resources (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the study, why was it previously unclear how the mechanisms identified are actually implemented in the complicated circuits that function inside a brain?

<p>Because previous studies were carried out in reduced preparations with artificial stimuli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the study, how does the strengthening of synapses affect Arc?

<p>It weakens Arc (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Arc in neuronal circuits, according to the study?

<p>It weakens synapses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What funding sources supported the research mentioned in the text?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes the flexibility of our brains?

<p>Plastic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to immediately neighboring synapses when one synapse strengthens?

<p>They weaken (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Mriganka Sur describe the relationship between collective behaviors of complex systems and simple rules?

<p>They are interdependent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the study, why was it previously unclear how the mechanisms identified are actually implemented in the complicated circuits that function inside a brain?

<p>The researchers lacked advanced imaging and genetic tools (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the study suggest about learning and memory at the individual neuron level?

<p>Learning and memory occur through the repeated simulation of another neuron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Ania Majewska, associate professor of neuroscience, say about the study's impact?

<p>The study provides clues about how neuronal circuits develop and remodel in a physiological setting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What funding sources supported the research mentioned in the text?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the technique used by the researchers to change a neuron's receptive field in the visual cortex of mice?

<p>Optogenetics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the researchers observe when they induced plasticity in the visual cortex of mice by changing a neuron's receptive field?

<p>The synapses on the relevant dendrite of the neuron grew (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the protein Arc in synaptic plasticity, according to the study?

<p>Arc maintains a balance of synaptic resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the researchers do to confirm their findings about the structural differences seen under the two-photon microscope?

<p>They performed a higher-resolution electron microscope imaging (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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