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Questions and Answers
What is the main cause of brain herniation?
What is the main cause of brain herniation?
- Infection of the meninges
- Dislocation of the spine
- Blockage of blood vessels
- Brain swelling or bleeding from a head injury, stroke, or brain tumor (correct)
Which part of the brain is affected in uncal herniation?
Which part of the brain is affected in uncal herniation?
- Frontal lobe
- Temporal lobe (correct)
- Parietal lobe
- Occipital lobe
What is a symptom of uncal herniation?
What is a symptom of uncal herniation?
- Severe headache
- Dilated pupil (correct)
- Seizure
- Blurred vision
What is compressed in uncal herniation, leading to hemiplegia?
What is compressed in uncal herniation, leading to hemiplegia?
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What is responsible for consciousness in the brainstem?
What is responsible for consciousness in the brainstem?
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What is the result of oculomotor nerve compression in uncal herniation?
What is the result of oculomotor nerve compression in uncal herniation?
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Study Notes
Brain Herniation
- Brain herniation occurs when brain tissue and blood vessels are moved or pressed away from their usual position inside the skull due to increased pressure
- Common causes of brain herniation include brain swelling, bleeding from a head injury, stroke, or brain tumor
Supratentorial Compartment
Uncal Herniation
- Occurs when the uncus herniates into the anterior part of the opening of the tentorial notch
- Uncus is the most medial part of the temporal lobe, viewed inferiorly
- Symptoms of Uncal Herniation include:
- Dilated pupil due to compression of the oculomotor nerve, which normally controls pupil constriction
- Hemiplegia (paralysis on one side of the body) due to compression of the cerebral peduncles, which carry the main descending motor pathway (corticospinal tract)
- Coma due to compression of the brainstem, specifically the reticular formation, which is responsible for consciousness
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Description
Explore the phenomenon of brain herniation, which occurs when brain tissue is displaced within the skull due to pressure. Learn about the causes and types of brain herniation, such as uncal herniation involving the uncus in the temporal lobe.
