Brain and Behaviour: Resting Membrane Potential
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Questions and Answers

What is the resting membrane potential in neurons?

-70 mV

Which forces contribute to membrane potential?

  • Electrical gradient (correct)
  • Concentration gradient (correct)
  • Magnetic gradient
  • Thermal gradient
  • The concentration gradient drives molecules from low to high concentration.

    False

    What is the main ion that has a positive electrical gradient forcing it into the neuron?

    <p>Sodium (Na+)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many potassium ions are pumped into the cell by the Na+/K+ pump?

    <p>2 K+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What helps establish the resting membrane potential?

    <p>Leak channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Membrane Potentials

    • At rest, axons are not propagating action potentials but maintain a resting membrane potential.
    • Resting membrane potential is influenced by concentration gradients and electrical gradients of ions in intracellular and extracellular spaces.

    Concentration and Electrical Gradients

    • Diffusion force drives ions from areas of high concentration to low concentration.
    • Electrical force drives ions from areas of high positive (+ve) charge to low negative (-ve) charge.
    • Equilibrium potential occurs when electrical and concentration forces equalize, typically at -70mV in neurons.

    Ion Concentration Gradients

    • Major ions involved include Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl-, and negatively charged proteins (OA-) in both intracellular and extracellular spaces.
    • Na+ has a positive electrical and concentration gradient pushing it into the neuron, despite lower permeability through leak channels.
    • K+ is more permeable due to a higher abundance of K+ leak channels, establishing the -70mV resting potential.

    Na+/K+ Pump Mechanism

    • The Na+/K+ pump transports 2 K+ ions into the cell and 3 Na+ ions out of the cell through active transport.
    • This process requires energy in the form of ATP and moves ions against their concentration gradients.

    Influence of Leak Channels

    • K+ leak channels are more numerous than Na+ leak channels, resulting in greater resting permeability to K+.
    • This differential permeability contributes significantly to the maintenance of the resting membrane potential.

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    Description

    Explore the foundational concepts of resting membrane potential as related to brain and behavior. This quiz will cover key processes, including concentration gradients and ionic charges, as axons maintain a resting state. Test your knowledge on the crucial aspects that influence neuronal activity.

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