Brachial Plexus Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which nerve is responsible for motor function in the anterior part of the arm?

  • Ulnar nerve
  • Radial nerve
  • Median nerve
  • Musculocutaneous nerve (correct)

    • What is the main role of the Medial cutaneous nerve of the arm?

  • Branching in the hand
  • Motor function
  • Sensory function (correct)
  • Innervating pectoralis major

    • How many major branches originate from the brachial plexus?

  • 3
  • 6
  • 4
  • 5 (correct)

    • Which nerve does not have any function or branch in the arm?

    <p>Ulnar nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure does the axilla serve as?

    <p>Gateway to the upper limb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many roots make up the brachial plexus?

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is found in the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?

    <p>Radial nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerves originate from the roots of the brachial plexus?

    <p>Dorsal scapular nerve and long thoracic nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Median nerve in the arm?

    <p>No function or branch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of divisions in the brachial plexus?

    <p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nerves primarily serves the pectoralis major?

    <p>Lateral pectoral nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trunks are part of the brachial plexus?

    <p>Superior, Middle, Inferior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which major nerve does the suprascapular nerve innervate?

    <p>Supraspinatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many cords are found in the brachial plexus?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What muscle is innervated by the long thoracic nerve?

    <p>Serratus anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the brachial plexus is true?

    <p>Cords arise from divisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the brachial artery?

    <p>To supply blood to the arm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery does the brachial artery divide into at the cubital fossa?

    <p>Radial artery and ulnar artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of veins do not run parallel with large arteries?

    <p>Superficial veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) be preferred over a central venous catheter (CVC)?

    <p>It significantly reduces the risk of pneumothorax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following arteries is NOT a branch of the brachial artery?

    <p>Posterior circumflex humeral a.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which veins form a triad with major arteries and nerves?

    <p>Deep veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk associated with subclavian and jugular line placements?

    <p>Pneumothorax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical landmark marks the continuation of the axillary artery into the brachial artery?

    <p>Teres major</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is NOT part of the anterior wall of the axilla?

    <p>Subscapularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distal continuation of the axillary artery?

    <p>Brachial artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is found in the second part of the axillary artery?

    <p>Lateral thoracic artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is NOT part of the posterior wall of the axilla?

    <p>Pectoralis major</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the axillary artery is located posterior to the pectoralis minor?

    <p>2nd part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What important role do the axillary lymph nodes serve in breast cancer?

    <p>They are the first nodes affected by metastasis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a content of the axilla?

    <p>Terminal branches of the median nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the axillary artery gives rise to the subscapular artery?

    <p>3rd part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The lateral wall of the axilla is primarily formed by which bone?

    <p>Humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is embedded in the adipose tissue of the axilla?

    <p>Biceps brachii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nerves is responsible for innervating the brachial flexors?

    <p>Musculocutaneous nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following veins is NOT associated with intravenous infusion?

    <p>Subclavian vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence for dissecting the brachial plexus?

    <p>Roots, trunks, divisions, cords</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery branches off the axillary artery and supplies the lateral aspect of the thorax?

    <p>Lateral thoracic artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the axillary artery is accurate?

    <p>The posterior humeral circumflex artery is a branch of the third part.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is part of the medial cord of the brachial plexus?

    <p>Ulnar nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the median antebrachial cutaneous nerve innervate?

    <p>Anterior aspect of the forearm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following branches of the brachial artery is specifically responsible for supplying the posterior compartment of the arm?

    <p>Deep brachial artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Brachial Plexus

    • The brachial plexus is a network of nerves that innervates the upper limb.
    • It has 5 roots, 3 trunks, 6 divisions, and 3 cords.
    • The 5 roots are formed by the ventral rami of spinal nerves C5-T1.
    • The dorsal scapular nerve and the long thoracic nerve are the only nerves arising from the roots of the brachial plexus.
    • 2 nerves originate from the superior trunk: suprascapular and subclavius nerves.
    • The 3 cords are called lateral, medial, and posterior cords.
    • All branches of the brachial plexus originate from the cords.

    Branches of the Brachial Plexus

    • The 5 major branches of the brachial plexus are:
      • Musculocutaneous nerve
      • Median nerve
      • Ulnar nerve
      • Radial nerve
      • Axillary nerve

    Axilla

    • The axilla is the space between the neck and the arm.
    • It is shaped like a pyramid with 4 walls: anterior, lateral, posterior, and medial.
    • It contains the major vessels, nerves, lymph nodes, and lymphatic vessels of the upper limb.

    Walls of the Axilla

    • The anterior wall of the axilla is formed by the pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, and the subclavius muscles.
    • The lateral wall of the axilla is formed by the humerus.
    • The posterior wall of the axilla is formed by the subscapularis, latissimus dorsi, teres major muscles and the long head of the triceps brachii.
    • The medial wall of the axilla is formed by the upper thoracic wall, serratus anterior, and base fascia.

    Contents of the Axilla

    • The axilla contains the axillary artery, brachial plexus, and lymph nodes.
    • The axillary artery is the continuation of the subclavian artery. It continues into the brachial artery at the inferior margin of the teres major.
    • The brachial artery is the main blood vessel of the arm.
    • The axillary lymph nodes are important for lymphatic drainage of the breast, and these nodes are often the first place where breast cancer metastasizes.

    Branches of the Axillary Artery

    • The axillary artery has 3 parts:
      • The 1st part is located proximal to the pectoralis minor and contains the superior thoracic artery.
      • The 2nd part is located behind the pectoralis minor and contains the thoracoacromial and lateral thoracic arteries.
      • The 3rd part is located distal to the pectoralis minor and contains the subscapular, anterior circumflex humeral, and posterior circumflex humeral arteries.

    Branches of the Brachial Artery

    • The brachial artery continues from the axillary artery.
    • It branches into the radial artery and the ulnar artery at the cubital fossa.
    • The branches of the brachial artery include:
      • Profunda brachii artery (deep brachial artery)
      • Superior ulnar collateral artery
      • Inferior ulnar collateral artery

    Veins of the Arm

    • Veins in the arm can be divided into superficial (cutaneous) and deep veins.
    • Superficial veins are often used for intravenous injections.
    • Deep veins commonly form triads with major arteries and nerves.

    Venipuncture

    • When inserting a needle for venipuncture, it is important to be careful not to puncture major arteries and nerves.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the brachial plexus and its branches. This quiz covers the structure, roots, trunks, cords, and major nerves associated with the brachial plexus, as well as the anatomical details of the axilla. Perfect for students of anatomy and healthcare professionals.

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