BPS 4323 OSHMS Quiz Semester 1, 2024/2025

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Questions and Answers

What is one of the primary benefits of implementing an Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSHMS)?

Limited employee engagement

Decreased compliance with regulations

Increased operational costs

Reduction in workplace accidents (correct)

Which component is NOT part of the PDCA cycle within the OSHMS framework?

Plan

Execute (correct)

Check

How does Heinrich's Theory of Loss Causation view the causes of accidents?

Random occurrences without patterns

Immediate causes and underlying management issues (correct)

Only immediate unsafe acts

Only unsafe conditions

What is the primary purpose of analyzing hazards and risks in the OSHMS?

To identify and mitigate potential dangers Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the 'Check' phase in the PDCA cycle?

Monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of implemented actions Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential function of the OSHMS regarding legal and regulatory compliance?

To adapt to and fulfill legal and other requirements Signup and view all the answers

What role does communication play within the OSHMS?

It is vital for sharing safety information and objectives Signup and view all the answers

How has the approach to OSHMS evolved since the 1990s?

It now incorporates a system approach to management Signup and view all the answers

What is one primary focus of an Occupational Health Safety Management System (OHSMS)?

Improving worker’s safety, health, and welfare Signup and view all the answers

Which ISO standard is specifically focused on Environmental Management?

ISO 14001 Signup and view all the answers

What is one key benefit of integrating multiple management system standards?

Reducing compliance costs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the PDCA model?

Encourages constant review and improvement Signup and view all the answers

What does the Integrated Use of Management System Standards (IUMSS) aim to assist organizations with?

Integrating requirements of multiple management system standards Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about ISO 9001 standards?

It focuses solely on customer satisfaction Signup and view all the answers

Which ISO standard was released in 2018 and focuses on occupational health and safety?

ISO 45001 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit typically associated with implementing an OSHMS?

Eliminating all workplace accidents Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main goals of implementing an Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSHMS)?

To ensure the safety and health of employees Signup and view all the answers

In the PDCA cycle for OSHMS, what does the 'D' stand for?

Do Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a duty of employers under the OSHA Act 1994?

Ensure high productivity above all else Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of an Integrated Management System (IMS)?

It integrates various management systems into a comprehensive approach Signup and view all the answers

What is involved in the 'Check' phase of the PDCA cycle in OSHMS?

Monitoring and reviewing performance Signup and view all the answers

Which action is part of the 'Do' process in the PDCA cycle?

Enforcing procedures and supervising Signup and view all the answers

Which element is primarily targeted for continual improvement in OSHMS?

Emergency response and preparedness Signup and view all the answers

Which method does NOT fall under the 'Review' part of the OSHMS process?

Training Signup and view all the answers

How does the OSHMS framework ensure employee participation?

By requiring compliance with safety measures Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential aspect of planning in OSHMS?

Identifying hazards and making arrangements Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSHMS)

BPS 4323 is a course on OSHMS.
Dr. Wahida Yaakub is the lecturer.
The course is for Semester 1, 2024/2025.

Course Assessment

10% - Quiz
10% - Individual Assignment (Week 3)
20% - Mid-term Test (Week 7)
20% - Group Assignment
40% - Final Exam
100% total success!

Introduction to OSHMS

Analyze all phases in OSHMS (policy, hazards, risk analysis, compliance, objectives, programs)
Apply the PDCA cycle and OSH-MS models based on recognized standards
Communicate ideas professionally related to OSHMS.

Definition of OSHMS

A source or situation with potential for harm to human injury or ill health.
A combination of likelihood and severity of a hazardous event.

General Definition of OSHMS

A planned, documented, and verifiable method of managing hazards and associated risks.
Ensure safety, health, and welfare of workers to comply with regulations.
Can be simple or complex, highly documented or simple.
Can be home-grown or based on available models.

Heinrich's Theory of Loss Causation

Accidents are caused by a combination of factors, not just immediate causes.
Underlying causes often result from inadequate management control.

Heinrich's Domino Theory

The central factors in the accident sequence are unsafe acts and mechanical/physical hazards.
Includes ancestry & social environment, fault of person, unsafe act/mechanical/physical hazard, accident, injury.

MAS: Mesti Ada Sistem

A system to prevent accidents in the workplace through OSHMS and a safe work environment, ensuring workers' well-being. This includes moving from unsafe to safe workplaces.

History of OSHMS

Robert's Report 1972 started the trend of a systematic approach to OSH.
ILO Occupational Safety and Health convention 1981 emphasized participation.
A number of OSHMS standards and guidelines have been developed based on this concept.
ILO published guidelines in 2011.
OSHMS standards gained support following the success of ISO 9000 (quality) and 14000 (environment).
British Standard Association (BSI) later developed OHSAS 18000.
The first OSH Standard under ISO (ISO 45000) was developed and published in 2018.
Malaysia published its standard in 2011 (MS 1722) based on ILO standard.

Basic Principle OSHMS Main Elements (ISO 45001)

PLAN: Set objectives and processes to deliver expected output.
DO: Implement the plan and execute the process.
CHECK: Check the result and compare against expected results.
ACT: Request corrective actions for significant differences between actual and planned results.

Basic Principle OSHMS Main Elements (MS 1722)

Continuous Improvement is key, incorporating Policy, Organizing (audit), Planning and Implementation, and Evaluation.

PDCA Model ISO 9001

A model outlining clauses for Quality Management System (ISO 9001) for planning, doing, checking, and acting.

PDCA Model ISO 14001

A model outlining clauses for Environmental Management System (ISO 14001) for planning, doing, checking, and acting.

PDCA Model ISO 45001

Outlines the context of the organization, planning, leadership, support, operations, performance evaluation and improvement.

Integrated Management System (IMS)

Combining various management systems into one comprehensive system.
Integrating current systems in an organization.

Why OSHMS is Important

Zero accidents at workplaces.
Managing OSH activities systematically.
Reducing hazards and risks to prevent accidents & diseases.
Improving worker satisfaction and productivity.

Benefits of OSHMS

Fewer accidents, illnesses, and injuries.
reduced medical and healthcare costs.
Maintain a safe and conducive work environment.
Reduced staff turnover and improved work harmony,
Less damage to equipment and property.
Minimize penalties.

IMS and ISO

ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is an independent, non-governmental organization representing national standard institutes in over 160 countries.
ISO 9001 (Quality), ISO 14001 (Environment), ISO 45001 (OH&S).
Annex SL, ISO Guide 83 for high-level structures for ISO Management System Standards.

OSHMS in Malaysia

OSHA Act 1994 (and 2022 Amendments) to ensure safe and healthy workplaces, outlining the duties of employers, employees, and other parties.
Concept of self-regulation.

OSHMS Standards in Malaysia

OHSAS 18001:2007.
ILO-OSH Guidelines.
MS 1722:2011.
ISO 45001:2018.

Malaysian Standard (MS) Development Process

Steps include: Project Proposal, NSC Approval, Funding & Prioritization, Drafting, Public Comments, Verification, Minister's Approval, and Declaration of the MS.

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Description

Test your understanding of the Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSHMS) covered in the BPS 4323 course. This quiz will assess your knowledge on policy, hazard analysis, risk management, and compliance. Prepare to demonstrate your comprehension of essential OSHMS concepts and terminology.