Bowel Elimination in Nursing Care

True (A)

<p>60 ml/hr</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enema</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anuria = Absence of urine output Dysuria = Painful urination Nocturia = Frequent urination at night Hematuria = Presence of blood in urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Constipation = Difficulty in passing stools Diarrhea = Frequent and watery stools Impaction = Severe blockage due to dry stool Hemorrhoids = Swollen veins in the rectal area</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Placing food based on a clock method (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cataract</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Macular degeneration</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased muscle strength (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myopia = Nearsightedness Presbyopia = Farsightedness Glaucoma = Increases intraocular pressure affecting vision Diabetic neuropathy = Damage to blood vessels of the retina</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sensory impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Digital disimpaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dysuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>liquid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isotonic enema = Moistens and expands the colon Hypertonic enema = Drains excess fluid Oil retention enema = Softens and lubricates stool Saline enema = Used for hydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Steroid medications and creams (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>E. coli</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>flank</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Skin breakdown (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Damage to sensory nerve fibers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complete loss of smell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meniere’s disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aphasia = Language impairment Presbycusis = Age-related hearing loss Sensory deprivation = Reduced sensory input Sensory overload = Excessive sensory stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promote sleep (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Toxicity, hypoxemia, infection, immobility, potassium/electrolyte imbalance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To wean the patient off oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>LR, D5W, Normal saline 0.9</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isotonic solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CHF = Diuretics Fluid volume excess = Hypertonic solution 3% Fluid volume deficit = Isotonic solution Electrolyte dilution = Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Venous stasis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anger</p> Signup and view all the answers

A condition where stool becomes hard and stuck in the rectum or colon, often resisting laxative or enema treatment.

Opioids decrease bowel motility, leading to constipation.

Increasing fluid intake and dietary changes, along with medications, are common methods of treating constipation.

Age, fluid intake, pain, diet, medications (laxatives/cathartics), and mobility all impact bowel movements.

Frequent, loose, watery bowel movements.

The average amount of urine produced per hour is typically around 60ml.

Less than 30 ml/hour of urine output may indicate a problem with blood flow to the kidneys.

A daily urine output less than 400ml.

Types of incontinence include Stress, Urge, Overflow, Functional.

Inability to fully empty the bladder.

Focuses on preventing dehydration and electrolyte imbalance (especially potassium).

Inflamed blood vessels in the rectum, often causing bright red bleeding.

An artificial opening created in the abdomen for stool or urine drainage.

Stool consistency from a small intestine ostomy is liquid, requiring hydration.

Safest type of enema as it doesn't cause fluid shifts.

Enema that can cause fluid overload and shouldn't be used in renal patients.

Infection of the urinary tract, often producing symptoms like dysuria (painful urination), frequency, and cloudy urine.

Symptoms beyond the urinary tract, including flank pain, fever, confusion and nausea/vomiting.

A test that screens urine for various conditions, including UTI, kidney disease, and dehydration.

Use the clock method for food placement, ensure adequate lighting and photos, provide audio tapes if necessary, and maintain clear pathways.

Create a quiet environment, maintain eye contact, and ensure hearing aids are charged.

Perform regular skin assessments, adjust bath water temperature for comfort, and limit ice packs to 30 minutes.

Provide oral care, flavorful foods using salt-free alternatives, and incorporate spices to enhance taste.

Nearsightedness, difficulty seeing distant objects.

Farsightedness, difficulty seeing close-up objects.

Clouding of the eye's lens, causing blurry vision.

Increased pressure in the eye damaging the optic nerve, leading to peripheral vision loss and possible blindness.

Damage to sensory nerve fibers in the arms and legs, often causing numbness, tingling, or pain.

Complete loss of smell.

Age-related hearing loss, usually affecting high-pitched sounds.

Progressive hearing loss causing vertigo (dizziness) and tinnitus (ringing in the ears).

A sudden change in mental state, often caused by a medical condition like a UTI or dehydration.

A progressive decline in brain function, causing memory loss and cognitive impairment.

A mood disorder characterized by persistent sadness, loss of interest, and changes in sleep and appetite.

Over stimulation of the senses, leading to feelings of stress and anxiety.

Patients with COPD need supplemental oxygen, but it's important to wean them off as much as possible. Nasal cannula can be used, but avoid high flow rates.

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) can cause edema throughout the body. One hallmark sign is thin, pink, frothy sputum.

Isotonic IV fluids have the same concentration as blood, so they don't cause fluid shifts. Examples include Lactated Ringer's (LR), D5W, and Normal Saline (0.9%).

Hypertonic IV solutions have a higher concentration than blood, drawing fluid from the cells into the bloodstream. One example is D10W.

Fluid volume excess is when the body has too much fluid, often seen in conditions like CHF. Management involves diuretics, fluid restriction, daily weight monitoring, and hypertonic solutions.

Fluid volume deficit occurs when the body loses too much fluid, often due to diarrhea, vomiting, or sweating. It's treated with isotonic IV fluids and addressing the underlying cause.

Hyponatremia (low sodium) can be caused by fluid overload. Treatment includes giving water to dilute electrolytes and, if needed, administering 0.45% NaCl IV fluid.

A venous stasis ulcer occurs due to poor blood circulation in the veins, often causing edema, brownish discoloration, and ulcers in the lower legs.