Bovine Tuberculosis (Bovine TB) Overview

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Questions and Answers

How is bovine TB primarily transmitted to humans?

  • Consumption of raw (unpasteurized) milk or raw milk products (correct)
  • Consumption of cooked milk products
  • Inhalation of bacteria in the air near infected cattle
  • Direct contact with infected cattle's skin

Which animals can be affected by bovine TB?

  • Horses, pigs, goats, and birds
  • Cattle, deer, rhinoceros, and non-human primates (correct)
  • Cats, dogs, rabbits, and dolphins
  • Lions, tigers, bears, and elephants

What bacterium causes bovine TB?

  • Mycobacterium avium
  • Mycobacterium bovis (correct)
  • Mycobacterium leprae
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis

How many cases of human disease is bovine TB responsible for in California each year?

<p>Approximately 75 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the initial symptoms of bovine TB in humans?

<p>Productive cough, fever, night sweats, chest pain, and loss of appetite (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addition to cattle and deer, which other animals can be affected by bovine TB?

<p>Rhinoceros and non-human primates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step to determine if you’ve been exposed to bovine TB?

<p>Have a TB skin test (TST) or an Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a positive TST or IGRA indicate?

<p>Recent infection with TB bacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who should be considered for screening for bovine TB infection?

<p>Individuals who have had close contact with animals from an infected cattle herd (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can the TB skin test (TST) not differentiate between?

<p>Human and bovine TB (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a positive TST or IGRA indicate about the patient's infection?

<p>It is from a long time ago (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is bovine TB infection diagnosed?

<p>With a TB skin test (TST) or an Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addition to a TST or IGRA, what other tests might patients with a positive test undergo?

<p>Chest X-ray and examination of sputum, urine, or stool (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is bovine TB curable in humans?

<p>Yes, it is curable with antibiotics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment duration for bovine TB infection and disease?

<p>6 to 12 months (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might lead to the development of bovine TB disease in some infected people?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following animals is NOT mentioned as being susceptible to bovine TB in the given text?

<p>Leopard (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addition to raw milk consumption, how else can transmission of bovine TB from infected cattle to humans occur?

<p>Exposure to infected cattle's saliva (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the initial symptoms of bovine TB in humans, as stated in the text?

<p>Productive cough and fever (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a method for diagnosing bovine TB infection in humans?

<p>Blood Culture Test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the annual number of human disease cases attributed to bovine TB in California, according to the given text?

<p>Approximately 75 cases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is mentioned as the cause of bovine TB in the given text?

<p>Mycobacterium bovis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method for diagnosing bovine TB infection?

<p>TB skin test (TST) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long is the typical treatment duration for bovine TB infection and disease?

<p>6-12 months (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tests might patients with a positive TB skin test (TST) or Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) undergo?

<p>Chest X-ray and examination of sputum, urine, or stool (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who should be considered for screening for bovine TB infection?

<p>Ranch staff, veterinarians, and other workers in contact with infected cattle herd (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in determining exposure to bovine TB?

<p>TB skin test (TST) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a positive TB skin test (TST) or Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) indicate about the patient's infection?

<p>Previous exposure to TB bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is bovine TB treatable in humans?

<p>Yes, with specific antibiotics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What bacterium causes bovine TB?

<p><em>Mycobacterium bovis</em> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential additional symptoms of bovine TB disease?

<p><em>Coughing up blood</em> and <em>night sweats</em> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are most at risk for developing bovine TB disease?

<p><em>Very young or very old</em> and those with a <em>weakened immune system</em> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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