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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of the pelvis?
What is the main function of the pelvis?
What is the name of the triangular bone formed by the fusion of five vertebrae?
What is the name of the triangular bone formed by the fusion of five vertebrae?
Which of the following is NOT part of the pelvic cavity?
Which of the following is NOT part of the pelvic cavity?
What is the name of the region between the anus and genitals?
What is the name of the region between the anus and genitals?
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What is the name of the muscle that surrounds the anus?
What is the name of the muscle that surrounds the anus?
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Why is knowledge of pelvic and perineal anatomy important?
Why is knowledge of pelvic and perineal anatomy important?
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Study Notes
Bony Pelvis
- The pelvis is a basin-shaped structure composed of four bones:
- Two innominate bones (hip bones)
- Sacrum
- Coccyx
- The pelvis serves as a base of support for the spine and a point of attachment for muscles
Innominate Bones
- Each innominate bone is formed by the fusion of three bones:
- Ilium
- Ischium
- Pubis
- The innominate bones form the acetabulum, which articulates with the femoral head to form the hip joint
Sacrum and Coccyx
- The sacrum is a triangular bone formed by the fusion of five vertebrae
- The coccyx, or tailbone, is a small bony structure located at the bottom of the sacrum
Pelvic Cavity
- The pelvic cavity is a space within the pelvis that contains:
- Reproductive organs
- Urinary bladder
- Rectum
- Blood vessels
- Nerves
Perineum
- The perineum is the region between the anus and genitals
- The perineal body is a central tendon that serves as an attachment point for muscles
Perineal Muscles
- The perineal muscles include:
- External anal sphincter
- Bulbospongiosus
- Ischiocavernosus
- Superficial transverse perineal muscle
- Deep transverse perineal muscle
Clinical Significance
- Knowledge of pelvic and perineal anatomy is essential for understanding various medical conditions, such as:
- Pelvic fractures
- Prostate cancer
- Vaginal childbirth
- Anal incontinence
Bony Pelvis
- Composed of four fused bones: two innominate bones, sacrum, and coccyx
- Serves as a base of support for the spine and a point of attachment for muscles
Innominate Bones
- Formed by the fusion of three bones: ilium, ischium, and pubis
- Form the acetabulum, which articulates with the femoral head to form the hip joint
Sacrum and Coccyx
- Sacrum: a triangular bone formed by the fusion of five vertebrae
- Coccyx (tailbone): a small bony structure located at the bottom of the sacrum
Pelvic Cavity
- A space within the pelvis that contains reproductive organs, urinary bladder, rectum, blood vessels, and nerves
Perineum
- The region between the anus and genitals
- Perineal body: a central tendon that serves as an attachment point for muscles
Perineal Muscles
- Include: external anal sphincter, bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernosus, superficial transverse perineal muscle, and deep transverse perineal muscle
Clinical Significance
- Knowledge of pelvic and perineal anatomy is essential for understanding pelvic fractures, prostate cancer, vaginal childbirth, and anal incontinence
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Description
Learn about the structure and function of the pelvis, innominate bones, sacrum, and coccyx in this anatomy quiz.
