bio psych: lecture 5.2.1
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True or False: Bonobos are genetically closer to other species of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) than they are to humans.

True

Which species of chimpanzee is restricted to the south of the river?

  • Pygmy or Gracile chimpanzee (correct)
  • Pigmy chimpanzee
  • homosapien chimpanzee
  • A and D

    • Bonobo chimpanzees, whose scientific name is (_______ _______) and are other wise known as ______ chimpanzees,

    Pan troglodytes, Pygmy

    Bonobos chimpanzees are only found in one country, which is the Republic of Congo

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bonobos chimpanzees are only found in one country, which is the ______ __ ______

    <p>Republic of Congo.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The difference between Bonobos and chimpanzees is that Bonobos squat when resting, their calls are more shrill like, temperament is livelier and more nervous, their movements are quicker, and have red lips, and are much less aggressive.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The difference between Bonobos and chimpanzees is that Bonobos ______ when resting, their ______ are more shrill like, temperament is ______ and more nervous, their movements are ______, and have red lips, and are much _______ aggressive.

    <p>squat, calls, livelier, quicker, less</p> Signup and view all the answers

    DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BONOBOS & CHIMPANZEES Chimpanzees are ANATOMICALLY, BODY PROPORTIONS MORE LIKE HUMANS : • Chimpanzees have smaller, rounder heads (skulls) • longer rear legs • stand more upright (often) • difference in weight between males & females more humanoid, females average 85% of male weight (in chimps they average <75%) DIFFERENCES BETWEEN

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BONOBOS & CHIMPANZEES Chimpanzees are ______ , BODY PROPORTIONS MORE LIKE HUMANS : • Chimpanzees have , rounder heads (skulls) • rear legs • stand more upright (often) • difference in weight between males &; females more ______, females average 85% of male weight (in chimps they average <75%) DIFFERENCES BETWEEN

    <p>ANATOMICALLY, smaller, longer, humanoid,</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The daily activity budget of wild bonobos at Lomako in 1992 shows that feeding constitutes approximately 40% of their activities.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Resting is the most time-consuming activity for wild bonobos at Lomako in 1992. ​ (False)

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Interacting with others, mainly through grooming, makes up approximately 6% of the daily activity budget for wild bonobos at Lomako in 1992.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The daily range of wild bonobos at Lomako in 1992 is approximately 2 km.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the daily activity budget is spent on traveling for wild bonobos at Lomako in 1992?

    <p>16%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the daily activity budget is spent on traveling for wild bonobos at Lomako in 1992?

    <p>interacting with others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The daily activity budget of wild bonobos at Lomako in 1992 shows that feeding constitutes approximately ________% of their activities.

    <p>40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The daily range of wild bonobos at Lomako in 1992 is approximately ________ km.

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Resting makes up approximately ________% of the daily activity budget for wild bonobos at Lomako in 1992.

    <p>32</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The social structure at Wamba consists of five communities: E, P, B, K, and S.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The community sizes at Wamba in the 1980s ranged from about 70 to 120 individuals.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The home range size at Wamba is 58 km 2.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many communities were studied at Wamba?

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate range of community sizes at Wamba in the 1980s?

    <p>70-120</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The home range size at Wamba is approximately ________ km2.

    <p>58</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The social structure at Wamba consists of ________ communities: E, P, B, K, and S.

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Females disperse and change groups after short periods of time at Wamba.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The overall sex ratio at Wamba is skewed towards males.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There are more adolescent males than females at Wamba.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All males at Wamba stay in their natal community.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are there more adolescent females than males at Wamba?

    <p>females disperse more frequently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The overall sex ratio at Wamba is ________.

    <p>1:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dispersing females at Wamba only enter new communities for ________ periods.

    <p>short</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From 1982 onward, the E group at Wamba began to split into ________ subgroups.

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The two subgroups of the E group at Wamba became essentially separate by ________.

    <p>1985</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Party size in a fission-fusion society averages 16.9 or 6-35 individuals.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Membership of a party in a fission-fusion society is usually stable for 2-3 days.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    96% of parties in a fission-fusion society contain all ages and sexes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average party size in a fission-fusion society?

    <p>16.9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At Lukuru, the mean party size in a fission-fusion society is ________ (range: 1-22).

    <p>6.4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The membership of a party in a fission-fusion society is usually stable for ________ or longer.

    <p>2-3 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The proportion of oestrous females in a party in a fission-fusion society can be as high as ________.

    <p>98%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Occasionally, there are ________ parties in a fission-fusion society, which last only 1-2 days.

    <p>all-male</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary forest is the most dominant habitat type at Lukuru.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The grassland comprises the smallest proportion of habitat types at Lukuru.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bonobos at Lukuru wade waste-deep into water to gather algae and sub-aquatic vegetation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which habitat type has the highest proportion at Lukuru?

    <p>secondary forest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At Lukuru, the proportion of secondary forest is ________.

    <p>56.2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bonobos at Lukuru wade waste-deep into water to gather ________ and sub-aquatic vegetation.

    <p>Algae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The grassland comprises ________ of the habitat types at Lukuru.

    <p>4.1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The proportion of riparian forest at Lukuru is ________.

    <p>1.7%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bonobos at Wamba primarily eat fruit.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bonobos at Lomako eat snakes, adult insects, and blue duikers.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Earthworms form a significant proportion of the bonobos' diet.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT part of the bonobos' diet at Wamba?

    <p>snakes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bonobos at Lomako eat ________, adult insects, and blue duikers.

    <p>snakes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At Lukuru, bonobos eat a lot of ________, which stands for terrestrial herbaceous vegetation.

    <p>THV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Earthworms are a favorite food for bonobos, but they form only a ________ proportion of their diet.

    <p>tiny</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bonobos mainly construct night nests in the bokumbo tree.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The majority of night nests are built at a height of 13m above the ground.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At Yalosidi, 7% of nests are built on the ground.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Day nests are constructed at a higher height compared to night nests.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The construction time for night nests is shorter than that for day nests.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate height of night nests above the ground 38% of the time?

    <p>10-15 metrtes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Approximately ________% of nests at Yalosidi are built on the ground.

    <p>7%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The construction time for night nests is approximately ________ seconds or nearly 4 minutes.

    <p>222</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Day nests are constructed at a height of ________ above the ground.

    <p>20 metres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The construction time for day nests is less than ________ minutes.

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In 73% of cases, it is the male bonobos who initiate sexual encounters.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Female bonobos can present themselves to males either dorsoventrally or ventro-ventrally.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sexual encounters among bonobos are more common at feeding sites.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Female bonobos may exchange food in return for sexual activity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most frequent time for copulation among bonobos?

    <p>early morning between 5:30 -9 am</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Female bonobos may exchange ________ for sex.

    <p>food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bonobos engage in homosexual and immature sexual behavior.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Genito-genital (GG) rubbing involves two females clasping ventro-ventrally and rubbing their clitoris tips together.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Juvenile male bonobos are sexually precocious and may join in during copulation, thrusting at adults' genitalia.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Adult male bonobos may also thrust at juvenile males.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Juvenile female bonobos hardly ever engage in GG rubbing.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of genito-genital (GG) rubbing among female bonobos?

    <p>creates harmonious stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Juvenile female bonobos hardly ever engage in ________ rubbing.

    <p>GG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Many male bonobos have torn ears, missing finger joints, and scars as a result of aggression.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aggressive behaviors among bonobos include glaring, bluff charging, charging, chasing, and leaping while waving arms over another's head.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Other aggressive behaviors among bonobos include biting, hitting, kicking, slapping, grabbing, dragging, brushing aside, pinning down, and shoving aside.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the frequency of aggression in bonobos compare to that of chimpanzees?

    <p>Bonobos are less aggressive than chimpanzees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Submissive gestures among bonobos include prostration, grimacing, flight, avoidance, extending the hands, touching the other's body, and shrieking.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Submissive gestures are most frequent at feeding sites.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bonobos display charging behavior similar to chimpanzees, often involving branch dragging.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aggressive behavior among bonobos is often subdued by a dominant male mounting the subordinate, but no intromission is observed.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Male bonobos are far less aggressive than male chimpanzees.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a submissive gesture among bonobos?

    <p>aggressive charging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Submissive gestures among bonobos are most frequent at ________ sites.

    <p>feeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aggressive behavior among bonobos is often subdued by a dominant male mounting the subordinate, but no ________ is observed.

    <p>intromission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Male bonobos are ________ aggressive than male chimpanzees.

    <p>less</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At feeding sites, females often take precedence over all except the highest-ranking males.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A group of females may form a coalition against a male, while males don't form coalitions to attack a female.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Close associations between females at Lomako are 6-7 times as common as those between males.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neighboring communities may avoid one another or show mild aggression, but no communal warfare has been observed.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between females and males at feeding sites?

    <p>females take precedence over all except for highest ranking males</p> Signup and view all the answers

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