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Questions and Answers
What do the external surfaces of bone display?
What do the external surfaces of bone display?
- Projections only
- Openings only
- Depressions only
- Projections, depressions, and openings (correct)
Which type of marrow can convert to red if a person becomes anemic?
Which type of marrow can convert to red if a person becomes anemic?
- Red marrow
- Yellow marrow (correct)
- Both red and yellow marrow
- None of the above
What are the external surfaces of bone used for?
What are the external surfaces of bone used for?
- Ligament attachment only
- Muscle attachment only
- Muscle, ligament, and tendon attachment (correct)
- Tendon attachment only
What are bone markings involved in?
What are bone markings involved in?
What is a projection in bone markings?
What is a projection in bone markings?
What can cause a projection in bone markings?
What can cause a projection in bone markings?
What are depressions and openings in bone markings used for?
What are depressions and openings in bone markings used for?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the skeletal system?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the skeletal system?
What percentage of body weight does the skeletal system account for?
What percentage of body weight does the skeletal system account for?
How many bones are there in the human body?
How many bones are there in the human body?
What is the function of the skeletal system?
What is the function of the skeletal system?
What are the surface markings and unique characteristics of bones?
What are the surface markings and unique characteristics of bones?
Which type of cartilage allows it to sustain great weight or serve as a shock absorber?
Which type of cartilage allows it to sustain great weight or serve as a shock absorber?
What is the function of the perichondrium?
What is the function of the perichondrium?
Which type of skeletal cartilage is the most abundant?
Which type of skeletal cartilage is the most abundant?
Where is elastic cartilage found in the body?
Where is elastic cartilage found in the body?
Which type of cartilage is highly compressible?
Which type of cartilage is highly compressible?
What are the functions of bones?
What are the functions of bones?
What is the role of bones in the body?
What is the role of bones in the body?
Where does blood cell formation take place?
Where does blood cell formation take place?
Where can triglycerides (fat) be stored in the body?
Where can triglycerides (fat) be stored in the body?
Which type of cell is responsible for actively breaking down bone minerals?
Which type of cell is responsible for actively breaking down bone minerals?
What is the process called that replaces hyaline cartilage with bone?
What is the process called that replaces hyaline cartilage with bone?
Which type of bone formation forms most of the skeleton?
Which type of bone formation forms most of the skeleton?
What is the process called that increases bone length?
What is the process called that increases bone length?
What type of growth occurs throughout life and increases bone thickness?
What type of growth occurs throughout life and increases bone thickness?
What is the structure that maintains a constant thickness as cartilage grows on one side and bone replaces it on the other?
What is the structure that maintains a constant thickness as cartilage grows on one side and bone replaces it on the other?
What is the process called where excess material is removed and compact bone is laid down to reconstruct the shaft walls?
What is the process called where excess material is removed and compact bone is laid down to reconstruct the shaft walls?
Which hormone stimulates osteoclasts to release calcium?
Which hormone stimulates osteoclasts to release calcium?
Which hormone lowers blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoblasts and inhibiting osteoclasts?
Which hormone lowers blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoblasts and inhibiting osteoclasts?
Study Notes
Cells and Development of Bone
- There are three types of cells in bone tissue: osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts.
- Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells that secrete bone matrix, including collagen and calcium-binding proteins.
- Osteocytes are mature bone cells that monitor and maintain the bone matrix and respond to mechanical stimuli.
- Osteoclasts are responsible for actively breaking down bone minerals in a process called bone resorption.
- Bone development, or osteogenesis, begins as early as a few weeks after conception and continues into early adulthood.
- There are two types of bone formation: endochondral ossification, which replaces hyaline cartilage with bone, and intramembranous ossification, which develops bone from a fibrous membrane.
- Endochondral ossification forms most of the skeleton, while intramembranous ossification forms cranial bones and clavicles.
- Bone growth occurs through interstitial growth, which increases bone length, and appositional growth, which increases bone thickness.
- Interstitial growth requires the presence of an epiphyseal plate, which maintains a constant thickness as cartilage grows on one side and bone replaces it on the other.
- Appositional growth occurs throughout life, with osteoblasts adding bone matrix on the external surface and osteoclasts removing bone on the internal surface.
- Bone repair involves bone remodeling, where excess material is removed and compact bone is laid down to reconstruct the shaft walls.
- Hormonal control regulates blood calcium levels, with parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulating osteoclasts to release calcium and calcitonin lowering blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoblasts and inhibiting osteoclasts.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the cells and development of bone with this quiz! Learn about osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts, as well as the processes of endochondral and intramembranous ossification. Explore bone growth and repair, and discover how hormones regulate blood calcium levels. Challenge yourself and see how well you understand the fascinating world of bone development.
