42 Questions
Which of the following is NOT a component of the skeletal system?
Muscles
How much does the skeletal system contribute to the body weight?
20%
What is the function of perichondrium?
Acts like a girdle and surrounds cartilage
Which type of marrow can convert to red if a person becomes anemic?
Yellow marrow
What are bone markings?
All of the above
Which of the following is an example of a bone projection?
Crest
Which type of skeletal cartilage is the most abundant and provides support, flexibility, and resilience?
Hyaline cartilage
Where is elastic cartilage found in the body?
External ear and epiglottis
Which type of cartilage is highly compressible and found in areas subjected to pressure and stretch?
Fibrocartilage
What is the function of bones in the body?
All of the above
Which type of cells are responsible for actively breaking down bone minerals?
Osteoclasts
When does bone development begin?
A few weeks after conception
Which type of bone formation replaces hyaline cartilage with bone?
Endochondral ossification
What is the process called where excess material is removed and compact bone is laid down to reconstruct the shaft walls?
Bone remodeling
Which of the following is an example of a bone depression?
Fossa
What are bone markings?
All of the above
Which type of marrow can convert to red if a person becomes anemic?
Yellow marrow
Which type of cartilage is found in areas that need to sustain great weight or serve as a shock absorber?
Fibrocartilage
What is the function of the perichondrium?
To provide nutrients via blood vessels
What is the microscopic unit of compact bone called?
Osteon
Which type of skeletal cartilage is found in the external ear and epiglottis?
Elastic cartilage
What is the process called where excess material is removed and compact bone is laid down to reconstruct the shaft walls?
Remodeling
Which of the following is NOT a function of bones in the body?
Digestion
Where does blood cell formation, or hematopoiesis, take place in bones?
Red marrow
Which cells in bone tissue are responsible for actively breaking down bone minerals?
Osteoclasts
What are the two types of bone formation?
Endochondral ossification and intramembranous ossification
Which type of bone formation forms most of the skeleton?
Endochondral ossification
What is the process called where excess material is removed and compact bone is laid down to reconstruct the shaft walls?
Bone remodeling
Which of the following is NOT a component of the skeletal system?
Tendons
What is the function of the perichondrium?
To surround and provide nutrients to cartilage
What is the microscopic unit of compact bone called?
Osteon
Which of the following is NOT an example of a bone projection?
Fossa
What are the passageways for vessels and nerves called?
Foramen
Which type of marrow can convert to red if a person becomes anemic?
Yellow marrow
Which type of skeletal cartilage contains elastic fibers and is found in the external ear and epiglottis?
Elastic cartilage
What is the process called where excess material is removed and compact bone is laid down to reconstruct the shaft walls?
Bone remodeling
Which of the following is NOT a function of bones in the body?
Generating electricity
Where does blood cell formation, or hematopoiesis, take place in bones?
Red marrow
Which type of cells are responsible for actively breaking down bone minerals?
Osteoclasts
What are the two types of bone formation?
Endochondral ossification and intramembranous ossification
When does bone development begin?
A few weeks after conception
What is the process called where excess material is removed and compact bone is laid down to reconstruct the shaft walls?
Bone remodeling
Study Notes
Cells and Development of Bone
- There are three types of cells in bone tissue: osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts.
- Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells that secrete bone matrix, including collagen and calcium-binding proteins.
- Osteocytes are mature bone cells that monitor and maintain the bone matrix and respond to mechanical stimuli.
- Osteoclasts are responsible for actively breaking down bone minerals in a process called bone resorption.
- Bone development, or osteogenesis, begins as early as a few weeks after conception and continues into early adulthood.
- There are two types of bone formation: endochondral ossification, which replaces hyaline cartilage with bone, and intramembranous ossification, which develops bone from a fibrous membrane.
- Endochondral ossification forms most of the skeleton, while intramembranous ossification forms cranial bones and clavicles.
- Bone growth occurs through interstitial growth, which increases bone length, and appositional growth, which increases bone thickness.
- Interstitial growth requires the presence of an epiphyseal plate, which maintains a constant thickness as cartilage grows on one side and bone replaces it on the other.
- Appositional growth occurs throughout life, with osteoblasts adding bone matrix on the external surface and osteoclasts removing bone on the internal surface.
- Bone repair involves bone remodeling, where excess material is removed and compact bone is laid down to reconstruct the shaft walls.
- Hormonal control regulates blood calcium levels, with parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulating osteoclasts to release calcium and calcitonin lowering blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoblasts and inhibiting osteoclasts.
Cells and Development of Bone
- There are three types of cells in bone tissue: osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts.
- Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells that secrete bone matrix, including collagen and calcium-binding proteins.
- Osteocytes are mature bone cells that monitor and maintain the bone matrix and respond to mechanical stimuli.
- Osteoclasts are responsible for actively breaking down bone minerals in a process called bone resorption.
- Bone development, or osteogenesis, begins as early as a few weeks after conception and continues into early adulthood.
- There are two types of bone formation: endochondral ossification, which replaces hyaline cartilage with bone, and intramembranous ossification, which develops bone from a fibrous membrane.
- Endochondral ossification forms most of the skeleton, while intramembranous ossification forms cranial bones and clavicles.
- Bone growth occurs through interstitial growth, which increases bone length, and appositional growth, which increases bone thickness.
- Interstitial growth requires the presence of an epiphyseal plate, which maintains a constant thickness as cartilage grows on one side and bone replaces it on the other.
- Appositional growth occurs throughout life, with osteoblasts adding bone matrix on the external surface and osteoclasts removing bone on the internal surface.
- Bone repair involves bone remodeling, where excess material is removed and compact bone is laid down to reconstruct the shaft walls.
- Hormonal control regulates blood calcium levels, with parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulating osteoclasts to release calcium and calcitonin lowering blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoblasts and inhibiting osteoclasts.
Cells and Development of Bone
- There are three types of cells in bone tissue: osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts.
- Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells that secrete bone matrix, including collagen and calcium-binding proteins.
- Osteocytes are mature bone cells that monitor and maintain the bone matrix and respond to mechanical stimuli.
- Osteoclasts are responsible for actively breaking down bone minerals in a process called bone resorption.
- Bone development, or osteogenesis, begins as early as a few weeks after conception and continues into early adulthood.
- There are two types of bone formation: endochondral ossification, which replaces hyaline cartilage with bone, and intramembranous ossification, which develops bone from a fibrous membrane.
- Endochondral ossification forms most of the skeleton, while intramembranous ossification forms cranial bones and clavicles.
- Bone growth occurs through interstitial growth, which increases bone length, and appositional growth, which increases bone thickness.
- Interstitial growth requires the presence of an epiphyseal plate, which maintains a constant thickness as cartilage grows on one side and bone replaces it on the other.
- Appositional growth occurs throughout life, with osteoblasts adding bone matrix on the external surface and osteoclasts removing bone on the internal surface.
- Bone repair involves bone remodeling, where excess material is removed and compact bone is laid down to reconstruct the shaft walls.
- Hormonal control regulates blood calcium levels, with parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulating osteoclasts to release calcium and calcitonin lowering blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoblasts and inhibiting osteoclasts.
Test your knowledge on the cells and development of bone with this quiz! Learn about osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts, as well as the processes of endochondral and intramembranous ossification. Explore bone growth and repair, and discover how hormones regulate blood calcium levels. Challenge yourself and see how well you understand the fascinating world of bone development.
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