Bone Structure and Development Quiz

What is the primary function of osteoblasts in bone remodeling?

Forming new bone tissue

What is the percentage of the body's calcium found in bone?

99%

Which of the following statements about bone remodeling is true?

Bone remodeling is a constant process that occurs throughout life

What is the role of osteoprotegerin (OPG) in bone remodeling?

Inhibiting osteoclast formation and activity Signup and view all the answers

What is RANKL, and what is its role in bone remodeling?

A ligand that stimulates osteoclast formation and activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of osteoclasts in bone remodeling?

Breaking down bone tissue Signup and view all the answers

What can delay the biological process of fracture healing?

Displaced and comminuted fractures Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of localized problems in the migration of mesenchymal cells and the formation of condensations?

Dysostoses Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a mutation in the Homeobox gene?

Extra digits Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common form of dwarfism?

Achondroplasia Signup and view all the answers

What is a result of defects in hormones and signal transduction?

Achondroplasia Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Dysplasias?

Affecting cartilage and bone tissues globally Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of FGFR3 inhibition on growth plate chondrocytes?

Inhibited proliferation and function Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Thanatophoric dwarfism?

Enlarged head and shortened proximal extremities Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental abnormality in Osteogenesis Imperfecta?

Too little bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of mucopolysaccharides accumulation in chondrocytes?

Induction of apoptosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Mucopolysaccharidoses?

Defect in macromolecule degradation Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Achondroplasia?

Shortened limbs and small chest cavity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of reduced bone resorption in osteopetrosis?

Dysfunction of osteoclasts Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of defective acidification in osteoclasts in osteopetrosis?

Inability to dissolve calcium hydroxyapatite Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of reduced osteoclast activity on bone structure in osteopetrosis?

No medullary canal and small neural foramina Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of severe osteopenia?

Significantly increased risk of fracture Signup and view all the answers

What is the average rate of cortical bone loss per year in the first postmenopausal decade?

2% per year Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication of narrowed bone marrow in osteopetrosis?

Anemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinct feature of osteoporosis in contrast to osteopetrosis?

Decreased bone mass Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of trabecular bone in the low turnover variant of osteoporosis?

Thinned plates with lost interconnections Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of decreased estrogen levels on bone metabolism during menopause?

Increased osteoclast activity and bone loss Signup and view all the answers

What is the genetic mutation associated with Paget Disease (Osteitis Deformans)?

SQSTM1 gene mutation Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of inactivating mutations in OPG in Paget Disease?

Increased osteoclast activity Signup and view all the answers