Bone Structure and Development Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of osteoblasts in bone remodeling?

  • Forming new bone tissue (correct)
  • Producing osteoid
  • Breaking down bone tissue
  • Regulating bone marrow function

What is the percentage of the body's calcium found in bone?

  • 99% (correct)
  • 90%
  • 95%
  • 80%

Which of the following statements about bone remodeling is true?

  • Bone remodeling is a constant process that occurs throughout life (correct)
  • Bone remodeling only involves osteoblasts
  • Bone remodeling is a process that only occurs in response to injury
  • Bone remodeling is a slow process that occurs only in childhood

What is the role of osteoprotegerin (OPG) in bone remodeling?

<p>Inhibiting osteoclast formation and activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is RANKL, and what is its role in bone remodeling?

<p>A ligand that stimulates osteoclast formation and activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of osteoclasts in bone remodeling?

<p>Breaking down bone tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can delay the biological process of fracture healing?

<p>Displaced and comminuted fractures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of localized problems in the migration of mesenchymal cells and the formation of condensations?

<p>Dysostoses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a mutation in the Homeobox gene?

<p>Extra digits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common form of dwarfism?

<p>Achondroplasia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a result of defects in hormones and signal transduction?

<p>Achondroplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Dysplasias?

<p>Affecting cartilage and bone tissues globally (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of FGFR3 inhibition on growth plate chondrocytes?

<p>Inhibited proliferation and function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Thanatophoric dwarfism?

<p>Enlarged head and shortened proximal extremities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental abnormality in Osteogenesis Imperfecta?

<p>Too little bone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of mucopolysaccharides accumulation in chondrocytes?

<p>Induction of apoptosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Mucopolysaccharidoses?

<p>Defect in macromolecule degradation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Achondroplasia?

<p>Shortened limbs and small chest cavity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of reduced bone resorption in osteopetrosis?

<p>Dysfunction of osteoclasts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of defective acidification in osteoclasts in osteopetrosis?

<p>Inability to dissolve calcium hydroxyapatite (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of reduced osteoclast activity on bone structure in osteopetrosis?

<p>No medullary canal and small neural foramina (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of severe osteopenia?

<p>Significantly increased risk of fracture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average rate of cortical bone loss per year in the first postmenopausal decade?

<p>2% per year (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication of narrowed bone marrow in osteopetrosis?

<p>Anemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinct feature of osteoporosis in contrast to osteopetrosis?

<p>Decreased bone mass (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of trabecular bone in the low turnover variant of osteoporosis?

<p>Thinned plates with lost interconnections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of decreased estrogen levels on bone metabolism during menopause?

<p>Increased osteoclast activity and bone loss (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the genetic mutation associated with Paget Disease (Osteitis Deformans)?

<p>SQSTM1 gene mutation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of inactivating mutations in OPG in Paget Disease?

<p>Increased osteoclast activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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