Bone Marrow and Hematopoiesis Quiz

A spongy tissue found inside bones where blood cells are made.

The process of forming blood cells in the bone marrow.

Cells in the bone marrow that give rise to all types of blood cells.

A type of bone marrow that is filled with fat and is less active in blood cell production.

A type of bone marrow that is actively producing blood cells and has a higher proportion of hematopoietic cells.

Small, round, anucleated cells that help control bleeding by forming platelet plugs and activating clotting factors.

The process where platelets form a temporary plug at the site of injury.

The process involving clotting factors that forms a stable fibrin clot, permanently sealing the injured blood vessel.

A complete blood count (CBC) is a blood test that measures different components of blood, including red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets.

The process of collecting a blood sample from a patient for analysis.

A blood specimen should not contain fibrin, as its presence indicates the activation of coagulation factors, which can affect the accuracy of the results.

The process of assigning a unique identification number to each blood specimen received in the laboratory, ensuring proper and efficient tracking.

A blood smear is a thin layer of blood spread on a microscope slide for examination.

The process of staining a blood smear to make the different cell types visible under a microscope.

RBCs (Red Blood Cells) are classified by size. Normocytic RBCs are normal size, macrocytic RBCs are larger, and microcytic RBCs are smaller.

A type of anemia where red blood cells are larger than normal, but DNA synthesis is not impaired. Causes include liver disease, chronic alcoholism, or bone marrow failure.

A type of anemia where red blood cells are larger than normal due to increased production of reticulocytes (immature red blood cells).

The active form of vitamin B12 that is used by the body. Used to test for metabolic vitamin B12 deficiency.

A parasitic worm that can cause vitamin B12 deficiency. It's a fish tapeworm, and its eggs or proglottids (segments) can be found in stool.

A confirmatory test for vitamin B12 deficiency where a sample of bone marrow is examined under a microscope.

A test used to measure the levels of methylmalonic acid (MMA) in the blood. Increased MMA indicates vitamin B12 deficiency.

A test used to measure the levels of homocysteine in the blood. Increased homocysteine indicates vitamin B12 deficiency.

A test used to detect antibodies that specifically attack intrinsic factor. These antibodies are commonly found in pernicious anemia, which is a type of vitamin B12 deficiency.

A test used to detect antibodies against parietal cells. These antibodies are also associated with pernicious anemia.

A test used to measure the levels of gastrin in the blood. Increased gastrin levels can indicate achlorhydria (lack of stomach acid), which is often seen in pernicious anemia.

The intensity of fluorescence decreases in the absence of transmembrane proteins due to reduced binding of the fluorescent dye. This technique helps identify membrane protein deficiencies.

SDS-PAGE is an electrophoresis method used to separate proteins based on their size. It helps identify membrane protein deficiencies by showing protein bands on a gel.

Radioimmunoassay (RIA) is a technique that uses radioactive isotopes to quantify specific proteins. It helps measure the amount of membrane protein in a sample.

This test measures the amount of hemolysis (red blood cell breakdown) in a sample. It helps assess the integrity of red blood cell membranes.

This test measures the amount of hemolysis in red blood cells after incubation with and without glucose. It helps identify deficiencies in red blood cell metabolism.

In this condition, red blood cells take on an elliptical shape. It's usually inherited and can be mild or severe.

A severe form of HE where red blood cells are very fragile and break down easily, leading to anemia.

The presence of abnormally shaped red blood cells, often seen in HE.

HE can cause gallstones due to increased bilirubin levels from red blood cell breakdown.

A decrease in the number of red blood cells, often due to their breakdown in HE.

A condition where the bone marrow fails to produce enough blood cells, sometimes seen in HE.

A condition where the body produces abnormally large red blood cells, which can occur in HE complications.

A common treatment for HE patients with severe anemia and hemolysis. Splens remove damaged red blood cells.

A genetic disorder that affects the red blood cell membrane, causing a weakened structure and resulting in elliptocytes.

The protein found in red blood cells responsible for maintaining the structure of the RBC membrane.

The absence of Glycophorin C (GPC) in red blood cells, caused by mutations in the GPC gene, leading to elliptocytosis.

A gene involved in coding for α-spectrin, a protein crucial for the formation of the red blood cell membrane.

A gene responsible for coding for β-spectrin, a protein that, along with α-spectrin, forms part of the red blood cell membrane.

A gene that encodes protein 4.1, a protein that interacts with other red blood cell membrane proteins to maintain its structure.