Bone Diseases Classification Quiz

Bone Diseases Classification

• Bone diseases categorized into genetic/inherited, fibro-osseous lesions, metabolic/endocrine disorders, and other lesions.

Achondroplasia

• Most common genetic skeletal disorder.
• Patients have a defect in osteochondral ossification in long bones, resulting in short limbs.
• Flat bones are typically normal in size.
• Characterized by a defect in the middle third of the face and a class 3 malocclusion.

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

• Characterized by excessive bone fragility due to a defect in type 1 collagen synthesis.
• Leads to generalized osteoporosis.
• Bones are thin and susceptible to fracture.
• Patients often require wheelchairs due to the severity of the fractures.
• Patients may have blue sclera (thin sclera), hearing loss, and/or joint hypermobility.

Osteopetrosis

• Marble bone disease (Albers-Schönberg disease).
• Inactivity of osteoclasts leads to excessive bone formation.
• Bone marrow spaces are replaced by bone.
• Results in anemia due to reduced bone marrow space.
• Patients may experience hepatosplenomegaly (enlarged liver and spleen).
• Bones are dense and brittle, increasing fracture risk.

Cleidocranial Dysplasia

• Characterized by delayed closure of cranial sutures and fontanelles, resulting in a flattening of the skull.
• Missing or incomplete clavicles.
• May have unerupted or multiple teeth, and supernumerary teeth.
• Can lead to class 3 malocclusion.

Fibrous Dysplasia

• Defect in genes controlling osteoblast growth and differentiation.
• Can be monostotic (affecting one bone) or polyostotic (affecting multiple bones).
• Common sites include the maxilla and mandible.
• May present as a painless, well-defined bony swelling.
• Can result in facial asymmetry.

Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia

• Group of bone disorders involving cementoblasts.
• Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia presents as calcified lesions near the teeth.
• Focal cemento-osseous dysplasia involves a single or handful of areas.
• Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia is more extensive often affecting 3 areas or more.
• Radiolucent or radiopaque lesions.

Cherubism

• Hereditary condition.
• Mutation in SH3BP2 gene.
• Bilateral and symmetrical bony expansion of the maxilla and mandible.
• Appearance of a "moon face".
• Premature loss of primary teeth, and malformed permanent teeth.

Test your knowledge on various bone diseases, including genetic disorders like Achondroplasia, Osteogenesis Imperfecta, and metabolic conditions such as Osteopetrosis. This quiz covers key characteristics and classifications of these conditions. Perfect for students and professionals in the medical field.