Bone Classifications Quiz

Classification of Bones

• Bones are categorized based on shape rather than size.

Long Bones

• Characterized by a long shaft and two ends.
• Typically found in the appendicular skeleton.
• Examples include femur, humerus, and phalanges.

Short Bones

• Cube-shaped bones that provide stability and support.
• Commonly located in the appendicular skeleton.
• Examples include carpals (wrist bones) and tarsals (ankle bones).

Flat Bones

• Have a thin and flat structure, offering protection and extensive surface area for muscle attachment.
• Predominantly located in the axial skeleton but can also be found in the appendicular skeleton.
• Examples include the pelvis (ilium), sternum, ribs, and various skull bones (frontal, parietal, occipital).

Irregular Bones

• Have complex shapes that do not fit into other classifications.
• Provide support and protection while allowing flexibility.
• Examples include vertebrae and zygomatic bones (cheekbones).
• All bones except for the Achilles tendon are connected to other bones.

Sesamoid Bones

• Small, seed-shaped bones that form within tendons.
• Help reduce friction and improve mechanical advantage.
• The patella (kneecap) is a primary example.

Anatomy of a Long Bone

• Hyaline Cartilage: Smooth tissue that covers bone surfaces at joints, facilitating movement.
• Cartilage: Flexible connective tissue found in various forms, including in articulating surfaces.
• Epiphysis: The ends of a long bone, important for joint function and bone growth.
• Diaphysis: The long tubular shaft of the bone that houses the marrow cavity.