Boiler Warm-Up and Cold Start Conditions

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary concern when starting a boiler from cold?

  • Ensuring rapid heating of boiler metal
  • Preventing boiler failure
  • Adhering to boiler warm-up rates prescribed by manufacturers (correct)
  • Minimizing energy consumption

What should an operator do if abnormal conditions occur during the light-off or warm-up period?

  • Shut down the boiler immediately and close the main and pilot test firing valves (correct)
  • Consult with a senior engineer before taking action
  • Monitor the situation closely and adjust as needed
  • Increase the warm-up rate to compensate

Why do new hazards appear during startup of a boiler plant?

  • Because of the rapid changes in plant conditions and related hazards (correct)
  • Because of the complexity of the boiler's design
  • Because of inadequate training of operators
  • Because of the boiler's age and wear

What is the purpose of the recommended boiler warm-up rates?

<p>To prevent leaks and premature boiler failure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended course of action after identifying the cause of trouble during startup?

<p>Correct the problem before restarting the boiler (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the recommended procedures for boiler startup?

<p>To ensure the safety and long life of boilers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of thermal shock in metal?

<p>Sudden change in temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of thermal shock on boiler tubes?

<p>Formation of tiny cracks in the tubes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a normal condition during the warm-up period of a cold oil-fired boiler?

<p>Slight smoking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to warm up boilers slowly?

<p>To prevent thermal shock (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may occur when a cold boiler is first started, especially in firetube boilers with large water content?

<p>Flue gas condensation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of rapid heating during a cold start in firetube boilers?

<p>Thermal shock and refractory damage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum recommended temperature increase per hour for boiler water?

<p>55°C per hour (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ensuring the atomizing air or steam is at the correct pressure during a cold start?

<p>To ensure complete combustion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of bypassing part of the flow around the boiler in a hot water heating system?

<p>To prevent thermal shock (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cold make-up water on steam boilers?

<p>It causes thermal shock (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of scale buildup on the furnace and firetubes during a cold start?

<p>It insulates the furnace tube and firetubes from the cooling effect of the boiler water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a boiler continues to smoke after being warmed up?

<p>Take the burner out of service (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended firing rate after ignition?

<p>Manual low-fire control (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor affecting the rate at which a boiler can be brought up to its normal operating temperature and pressure?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high firing rates during a cold start in firetube boilers?

<p>Rapid heating and uneven expansion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to keep make-up water sources at normal operating temperature?

<p>To prevent thermal shock (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of uneven expansion in firetube boilers during a cold start?

<p>Premature boiler failure and costly repairs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked if a boiler is still smoking after the warm-up period?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the water level control system in steam boilers?

<p>To monitor water level (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a heavily smoking burner receiving additional combustion air?

<p>An explosive condition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of checking the furnace draft pressures during boiler startup?

<p>To verify that combustion gases are passing normally through the furnace and flue gas passages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action if the boiler has a continuous pilot?

<p>Allow at least 5 minutes for the furnace to purge naturally with the pilot and main gas valves shut (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of reviewing the manufacturer recommendations for burner and boiler startup?

<p>To follow the specific startup procedures for the boiler (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the boiler control switch?

<p>To turn the boiler on or off (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the Power Engineer do after boiler pressure approaches its normal pressure or temperature set point?

<p>Switch the firing rate control to automatic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the furnace purge during boiler startup?

<p>To remove any combustible gases from the furnace (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the Power Engineer do if the boiler has a gas-fired atmospheric burner and a continuous pilot?

<p>Allow at least 5 minutes for the furnace to purge naturally with the pilot and main gas valves shut (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to monitor the boiler during its warm-up period?

<p>To intervene if necessary to prevent accidents or damage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the Power Engineer do before starting the boiler?

<p>Prepare the boiler plant auxiliaries according to site-specific procedures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the daily log during boiler startup?

<p>To enter a summary of the startup events (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of purging the boiler for a given time period?

<p>To remove any air from the combustion chamber (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done during the main burner ignition trial?

<p>The main burner safety shut-off valves should open (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should the boiler be fired at low fire during warm-up?

<p>To limit the differential expansion between the furnace tube and firetubes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked frequently during the warm-up process?

<p>The boiler for leaks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when the burner shuts down?

<p>The water pressure on the tridicator gauge should be checked (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the try lever and pop tests?

<p>To check the safety relief valve for evidence of leaking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when cutting in a hot water boiler in a multiple boiler plant?

<p>The valve in the connecting line between the boiler and the tank should be closed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should the boiler be warmed up slowly?

<p>To limit the differential expansion between the furnace tube and firetubes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with the stop valves in the supply and return lines to the boiler during warm-up?

<p>They should be closed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be entered in the log book after startup?

<p>The date and time of startup (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason to ensure sufficient space in the expansion tank during warmup?

<p>To accommodate the expanded water produced during warmup (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when the stop valve at the boiler outlet is closed?

<p>Close the valve in the return line (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should the stop valve on the boiler outlet be opened when the boiler water reaches the supply main temperature?

<p>Open the valve slowly until it is fully open (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of cracking open the outlet valve during the alternative warmup method?

<p>To establish flow through the cold boiler without causing shock (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to plan ahead for heating loads?

<p>To ensure the on-line boilers have sufficient capacity to heat the extra boiler (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the furnace purge during the safe startup of a steam boiler?

<p>To purge the furnace of combustible gases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach to warming up steam lines and headers?

<p>Simultaneously with the boiler (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the block valve at the outlet of the boiler?

<p>To isolate the boiler from the steam header (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when steam enters the cold steam piping during warmup?

<p>It condenses heavily at first, but decreasingly as the steam piping comes up to temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to warm up the steam header with the boiler stop, header stop, and drain valves open?

<p>To ensure the steam piping and boiler warm and pressurize at the same rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of opening the main steam shutoff valve during the simultaneous warm-up procedure of a steam boiler and its steam piping?

<p>To permit the flow of steam into the steam piping (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to open the boiler drum vent during the warm-up procedure?

<p>To release corrosive dissolved gases from the boiler water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended firing rate during the initial warm-up period of a steam boiler?

<p>Low fire (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of inspecting the boiler frequently during the warm-up period?

<p>To check for leakage at washout plugs, valves, handholes, and pipe connections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should the superheater vent be closed during the warm-up procedure?

<p>When adequate flow of superheated steam is established (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of closing the low point drains during the warm-up procedure?

<p>To prevent excessive steam from blowing from the drains (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should the main disconnect switch be closed during the warm-up procedure?

<p>When the pilot flame is established (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of reviewing manufacturer recommendations for burner and boiler startup during the warm-up procedure?

<p>To ensure the correct sequence of startup (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to open the trap bypasses during the warm-up procedure?

<p>To allow the release of condensate from the steam piping (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of performing operating control and safety limit checks during the warm-up procedure?

<p>To verify the proper operation of the boiler controls and safety limits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the startup of a boiler, what is a significant challenge to a Power Engineer’s knowledge and skills?

<p>Identifying and addressing changing hazards (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason operators need to pay attention to boiler warm-up rates during startup?

<p>To prevent boiler failure and ensure safety (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If abnormal conditions occur during the light-off or warm-up period, what should the operator do?

<p>Shut down the boiler immediately and close the main and pilot test firing valves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to correct the problem before restarting the boiler after an abnormal condition occurs?

<p>To prevent further damage to the boiler (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern during the boiler startup process?

<p>Ensuring safety and preventing accidents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to monitor the boiler during its warm-up period?

<p>To prevent boiler failure and ensure safety (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of thermal shock in boilers?

<p>Rapid temperature changes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to prevent thermal shock when starting a cold boiler?

<p>Gradually warm up the boiler to prevent rapid temperature changes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended maximum temperature increase per hour for boiler water?

<p>55°C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause thermal shock in steam heating boilers?

<p>Cold make-up water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to keep boilers free from scale buildup?

<p>To prevent thermal shock (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of rapid temperature changes in boilers?

<p>Thermal shock and internal stress (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to protect a boiler from uneven expansion and thermal shock?

<p>W warm up the boiler slowly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of thermal shock on boiler tubes?

<p>Formation of tiny cracks in the metal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to warm up boilers slowly?

<p>To prevent thermal shock and uneven expansion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern when starting a boiler from cold?

<p>Thermal shock and uneven expansion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does condensation occur in firetube boilers during the cold start?

<p>When the water vapour in the flue gases contacts the cold heating surfaces of the boiler (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of uneven expansion in firetube boilers during a cold start?

<p>The tubes and furnace expansion is restricted, causing localized stress on the tube sheets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to avoid high firing rates during a cold start in firetube boilers?

<p>To prevent thermal shock and refractory damage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action if the burner continues to smoke after being warmed up?

<p>Take the burner out of service and ensure the burner nozzle is clean and properly assembled (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to avoid adding additional combustion air to a heavily smoking burner?

<p>To prevent the formation of explosive conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of scale buildup on the furnace and firetubes during a cold start?

<p>It insulates the furnace tube and firetubes from the cooling effect of the boiler water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ensuring the atomizing air or steam is at the correct pressure during a cold start?

<p>To ensure complete combustion and reduce smoking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to warm up a cold oil-fired boiler slowly?

<p>To prevent thermal shock and refractory damage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when the water vapour in the flue gases contacts the cold heating surfaces of the boiler during a cold start?

<p>The water vapour condenses, causing condensation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a normal condition during the warm-up period of a cold oil-fired boiler?

<p>Slight smoking from the stack (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of checking the furnace draft pressures during boiler startup?

<p>To ensure the combustion gases are passing normally through the furnace and flue gas passages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the Power Engineer do before starting the boiler?

<p>Review the manufacturer's recommendations for burner and boiler startup (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of purging the boiler for a given time period during the startup procedure?

<p>To allow for four combustion chamber air changes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when cutting in a hot water boiler in a multiple boiler plant?

<p>Raise the pressure to at least the minimum required static pressure for the cold system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to monitor the boiler during the warm-up period?

<p>To prevent the boiler from being left unattended during its warm-up period (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the boiler control switch?

<p>To turn the boiler on or off (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to warm up the boiler slowly?

<p>To prevent thermal shock and stress on the boiler metal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when the boiler pressure approaches its normal pressure or temperature set point?

<p>Switch the firing rate control to automatic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done during the main burner ignition trial?

<p>The main burner safety shut-off valves should be opened (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked frequently during the warm-up process?

<p>The burner operation and leaks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the furnace purge during the safe startup of a hot water boiler?

<p>To allow the furnace to purge naturally with the pilot and main gas valves shut (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach to starting a hot water boiler in a single boiler plant?

<p>To prepare the boiler plant auxiliaries according to site-specific procedures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the try lever and pop tests?

<p>To check the safety relief valve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if the flame at low fire provides insufficient heat to reach normal operating temperature after 30 minutes?

<p>Gradually increase the firing rate using the manual firing rate control (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of reviewing the manufacturer's recommendations for burner and boiler startup?

<p>To follow the recommended procedures for startup to ensure safe and proper operation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of raising the water temperature slowly during the warm-up process?

<p>To ensure the entire water content of the system and boiler is warmed prior to increasing fuel input (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the Power Engineer do after the boiler has been started?

<p>Enter a summary of the startup events in the daily log (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to ensure the boiler is properly maintained during the warm-up period?

<p>To prevent thermal shock and uneven expansion in the boiler (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done after the boiler pressure approaches its normal pressure or temperature set point?

<p>Enter the required information in the log book (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when the burner shuts down?

<p>Check the water pressure on the tridicator gauge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern when warming up a steam boiler and its steam piping?

<p>Preventing water hammer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to warm up the steam header with the boiler stop, header stop, and drain valves open?

<p>To warm the steam header and boiler simultaneously (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when the temperature of the boiler water reaches the temperature of the water in the supply main?

<p>Open the stop valve on the boiler outlet slightly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of having an ample air cushion in the expansion tank during warmup?

<p>To provide a buffer for the expanded water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when the cold boiler is at or near the system temperature?

<p>Fully open the outlet valve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when steam enters the cold steam piping during warmup?

<p>The steam condenses heavily (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of warming up the boiler and steam lines simultaneously?

<p>Preventing water hammer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when the stop valve at the boiler outlet is closed?

<p>Close the stop valve in the return line (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to plan ahead for heating loads?

<p>To have standby boilers warmed up prior to being required (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ASME VI and VII guidelines for steam boilers?

<p>To provide general guidelines for boiler startup (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of opening the boiler drum vent during the simultaneous warm-up procedure?

<p>To release corrosive dissolved gases from the boiler water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to maintain low fire during the initial warm-up period of a steam boiler?

<p>To prevent thermal shock and uneven expansion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when the boiler pressure reaches 15 to 20 kPa during the warm-up procedure?

<p>Close the drum vent valve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of inspecting the boiler frequently during the warm-up period?

<p>To check for leakage and observe burner operation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should the trap bypasses be closed during the warm-up procedure?

<p>When the steam lines are warmed up and little condensate is blowing from the drains (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of preparing the steam plant auxiliaries during the simultaneous warm-up procedure?

<p>To prepare the boiler feed pump, condensate return system, and other auxiliaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with the main disconnect switch during the simultaneous warm-up procedure?

<p>Open it to supply power to the boiler (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to ensure the boiler control switch is in the off position during the initial stages of the warm-up procedure?

<p>To prevent the boiler from starting accidentally (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with the low point drains during the warm-up procedure?

<p>Open them to release condensate as it forms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of reviewing manufacturer recommendations for burner and boiler startup during the warm-up procedure?

<p>To follow site-specific procedures and manufacturer guidelines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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