16 Questions
What is the main function of blood in the body?
To provide a medium for exchange of substances between cells
What is the composition of blood?
Plasma and formed elements
Which body fluid helps in the transport of certain substances?
Lymph
How do simple organisms like sponges and coelenterates facilitate exchange of substances?
By circulating water through their body cavities
What is the role of lymph in the body?
To transport certain substances
Why is it essential to have efficient mechanisms for the movement of substances to and from the cells?
For healthy functioning of tissues
What is the approximate percentage of plasma in the blood?
55%
Which protein is primarily involved in the defense mechanisms of the body?
Globulins
Which component is responsible for the transport of respiratory gases?
Erythrocytes
What is the main function of fibrinogen in the plasma?
Clotting or coagulation of blood
Where are RBCs formed in adults?
Red bone marrow
Which cells are phagocytic and destroy foreign organisms entering the body?
Neutrophils
What is the average life span of RBCs?
$120$ days
Which type of WBC secretes histamine and heparin, and is involved in inflammatory reactions?
Basophils
Which is the most abundant type of WBC among the total WBCs?
Neutrophils
What is the main function of albumins in the plasma?
Osmotic balance
Study Notes
Blood Composition and Functions
- Blood transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products to and from cells.
- Blood is composed of plasma ( approx. 55%) and formed elements (45%) including RBCs, WBCs, and platelets.
Plasma Functions
- Plasma helps in the transport of certain substances, such as hormones, nutrients, and waste products.
- Albumins in the plasma help regulate osmotic pressure and maintain proper blood pH.
Lymph Functions
- Lymph plays a crucial role in the body's defense mechanism by helping to remove pathogens and foreign substances.
- Lymph also aids in the transport of fats and fat-soluble vitamins from the digestive system.
Blood Cells and Their Functions
- RBCs (formed in the bone marrow in adults) are responsible for transporting respiratory gases.
- WBCs, including phagocytic cells (e.g., neutrophils), destroy foreign organisms entering the body.
- The average life span of RBCs is approximately 120 days.
- One type of WBC, basophils, secretes histamine and heparin and is involved in inflammatory reactions.
- Neutrophils are the most abundant type of WBC among the total WBCs.
Fibrinogen and Clotting
- Fibrinogen in the plasma helps in blood clotting by forming a fibrin mesh.
Simple Organisms
- In simple organisms like sponges and coelenterates, exchange of substances occurs through direct diffusion or specialized structures.
Test your knowledge of the concepts related to body fluids and circulation, including blood, lymph, circulatory pathways, double circulation, regulation of cardiac activity, and disorders of the circulatory system. Explore the essential nutrients, oxygen supply, and waste removal processes crucial for the healthy functioning of tissues.
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