Body Fluid Compartments Quiz

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Which term describes the accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces, known as edema?

Second Spacing

What is the best indicator of fluid status according to the text?

Daily weight changes

What process involves fluid movement through a semi-permeable membrane created by cell walls?

Osmosis

Which term reflects the concentration of fluid affecting water movement between compartments by osmosis?

<p>Second Spacing</p> Signup and view all the answers

In extreme cases, what can excessive accumulation of fluid in areas with minimal fluid lead to?

<p>Hypovolemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does osmotic pressure measure according to the text?

<p>Amount of hydrostatic pressure needed to stop water flow by osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a neurological manifestation of prolonged hypokalemia?

<p>Fatigue and lethargy</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does potassium depletion affect insulin release?

<p>Depresses insulin release</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common ECG finding associated with hypokalemia?

<p>T-wave flattening and ST-segment depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of prolonged hypokalemia on kidney function?

<p>Inability to concentrate urine leading to dilute urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should clients receiving digitalis be monitored closely for hypokalemia?

<p>To prevent digitalis toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a nursing intervention for a client with hypokalemia related to potassium administration?

<p>Administer oral potassium with food or fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of urine output per hour in a patient?

<p>1.0-1.5 ml/kg per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which blood test is used to determine protein metabolism?

<p>Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for urine specific gravity in individuals?

<p>1015-1020</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chronic condition is NOT listed as a risk factor for fluid and electrolyte imbalances?

<p>Asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause Fluid Volume Deficit (Hypovolemia or FVD)?

<p>Vomiting leading to loss of extracellular fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication can contribute to fluid and electrolyte imbalances?

<p>Diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a feature of hyponatremia associated with sodium loss and water gain?

<p>Increased blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

When the serum sodium level drops below which value, signs of increasing intracranial pressure may occur?

<p>$115$ mEq/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended medical management strategy for hyponatremia?

<p>Rapid correction of hyponatremia by increasing serum sodium by more than $12$ mEq/L in 24 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the administration of highly hypertonic sodium solutions?

<p>They should be administered only in intensive care under close observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following laboratory findings is indicative of hyponatremia?

<p>Serum sodium &lt; $135$ mEq/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the management of hyponatremia?

<p>Water restriction is safer than sodium replacement and is usually effective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a manifestation of hypercalcemic crisis?

<p>Dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended nursing management for hypercalcemia?

<p>Restrict fluid intake to prevent polyuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cardiovascular changes may occur in hypercalcemia?

<p>Possible heart block</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of administering intravenous fluids in the management of hypercalcemia?

<p>To dilute serum calcium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following laboratory findings is indicative of hypercalcemia?

<p>Serum calcium &gt; 10.5 mg/dL (total) or 5.5 mEq/L (ionized)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following measures is recommended to counteract calcium salt deposits in the urine?

<p>Encourage intake of acid-ash fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

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