Body Fluid Compartments Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which term describes the accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces, known as edema?

  • Fluid Status
  • Second Spacing (correct)
  • Third Spacing
  • First Spacing

    • What is the best indicator of fluid status according to the text?

  • Daily weight changes (correct)
  • Amount of electrolytes
  • Intake and Output monitoring
  • Hydrostatic pressure

    • What process involves fluid movement through a semi-permeable membrane created by cell walls?

  • Osmosis (correct)
  • Osmolality
  • Hydrostatic pressure
  • Diffusion

    • Which term reflects the concentration of fluid affecting water movement between compartments by osmosis?

    <p>Second Spacing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In extreme cases, what can excessive accumulation of fluid in areas with minimal fluid lead to?

    <p>Hypovolemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does osmotic pressure measure according to the text?

    <p>Amount of hydrostatic pressure needed to stop water flow by osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a neurological manifestation of prolonged hypokalemia?

    <p>Fatigue and lethargy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does potassium depletion affect insulin release?

    <p>Depresses insulin release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common ECG finding associated with hypokalemia?

    <p>T-wave flattening and ST-segment depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of prolonged hypokalemia on kidney function?

    <p>Inability to concentrate urine leading to dilute urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should clients receiving digitalis be monitored closely for hypokalemia?

    <p>To prevent digitalis toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nursing intervention for a client with hypokalemia related to potassium administration?

    <p>Administer oral potassium with food or fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range of urine output per hour in a patient?

    <p>1.0-1.5 ml/kg per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood test is used to determine protein metabolism?

    <p>Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for urine specific gravity in individuals?

    <p>1015-1020</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chronic condition is NOT listed as a risk factor for fluid and electrolyte imbalances?

    <p>Asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause Fluid Volume Deficit (Hypovolemia or FVD)?

    <p>Vomiting leading to loss of extracellular fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication can contribute to fluid and electrolyte imbalances?

    <p>Diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a feature of hyponatremia associated with sodium loss and water gain?

    <p>Increased blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When the serum sodium level drops below which value, signs of increasing intracranial pressure may occur?

    <p>$115$ mEq/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommended medical management strategy for hyponatremia?

    <p>Rapid correction of hyponatremia by increasing serum sodium by more than $12$ mEq/L in 24 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the administration of highly hypertonic sodium solutions?

    <p>They should be administered only in intensive care under close observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following laboratory findings is indicative of hyponatremia?

    <p>Serum sodium &lt; $135$ mEq/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the management of hyponatremia?

    <p>Water restriction is safer than sodium replacement and is usually effective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a manifestation of hypercalcemic crisis?

    <p>Dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommended nursing management for hypercalcemia?

    <p>Restrict fluid intake to prevent polyuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cardiovascular changes may occur in hypercalcemia?

    <p>Possible heart block</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of administering intravenous fluids in the management of hypercalcemia?

    <p>To dilute serum calcium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following laboratory findings is indicative of hypercalcemia?

    <p>Serum calcium &gt; 10.5 mg/dL (total) or 5.5 mEq/L (ionized)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following measures is recommended to counteract calcium salt deposits in the urine?

    <p>Encourage intake of acid-ash fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

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