30 Questions
Total body water is either: Intracellular fluid (ICF): inside the cell & represent 2/3 of total body water or 40% of total body weight or
28 Liters
Extracellular fluid (ECF): outside the cell & represent 1/3 of total body water or 20 % of total body weight or
14 Liters
Interstitial: bathing the body cells and called internal environment (3/4 of ECF or 15% of total body weight or
10.5 L
Intravascular: inside blood vessels (plasma) (1/4 of ECF or 5% of total body weight or
3 L
Transcellular fluid: small compartment (about ______). It includes fluid in the synovial, peritoneal, pericardial, and intraocular spaces, as well as the cerebrospinal fluid; it is usually considered to be a specialized type of ECF, although in some cases its composition may differ markedly from ECF. ICF & ECF are separated by the cell membranes which keeps the composition of the 2 fluids different.
0.5 Liter
Age: Water in newly born infants represent ______ of total body weight but in old age, water represents only about 45%.
80%
Fat content or the Body mass index (BMI): in obese persons water represent ______ only of total body weight.
50%
Sex: In females water represent ______ only of total body weight due to high fat content.
50%
Intravascular: inside blood vessels (plasma) (1/4 of ECF or 5% of total body weight or ______.
3 L
Extracellular fluid (ECF): outside the cell & represent 1/3 of total body water or ______ of total body weight or 14 Liters).
20%
What are the two types of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic aromatic compounds?
Pyrimidines and Purines
Name the pyrimidines that occur in DNA.
Cytosine and Thymine
What are the principal purines of both DNA and RNA?
Adenine and Guanine
What is the end product of purine metabolism?
Uric acid
Name one disorder associated with purine metabolism.
Gout
What are the common causes of primary metabolic gout?
Increased activity of enzymes of purine synthesis
What is the prevalence of gout and which gender does it mostly affect?
About 3 per 1000 persons, mostly affecting males
What is the most common complication of gout and how does it occur?
Kidney stones; occur when uric acid precipitates as a salt in the kidneys
What is the treatment for gout involving the removal of urates from the joint and from the body?
Use of colchicine and uricosuric drugs for joint; allopurinol for the body
What is Lesch-Nyhan syndrome and who does it affect?
X-linked metabolic disorder affecting only males, characterized by excessive uric acid production and neurological abnormalities
What are the important pyrimidines that occur in DNA?
Cytosine and thymine
What are the principal purines of both DNA and RNA?
Adenine and guanine
What are the end products of purine metabolism?
Uric acid
Name one disorder associated with purine metabolism.
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
What are the names of the parent compounds of the two types of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic aromatic compounds?
Pyrimidine and purine
What is the prevalence of gout and which gender does it mostly affect?
The prevalence of gout is about 3 per 1000 persons, mostly affecting males.
What are the common causes of primary metabolic gout?
Primary metabolic gout is an inborn error of purine metabolism due to overproduction of uric acid.
What is the most common complication of gout and how does it occur?
The most common complication of gout is kidney stones, which occur when uric acid precipitates as a salt in the kidneys.
What is the treatment for gout involving the removal of urates from the joint and from the body?
The treatment involves the use of colchicine to remove urates from the joint and uricosuric drugs such as probenecid, sulfinpyrazole, salicylates to remove urates from the body.
What is Lesch-Nyhan syndrome and who does it affect?
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is an X-linked metabolic disorder affecting only males, characterized by excessive uric acid production and neurological abnormalities.
Learn about the distribution of water and other components in the body's fluid compartments, as well as the factors that affect body water content such as age, sex, and BMI.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
